大鼠半乳糖性白内障晶状体上皮细胞的病理变化

目的　探讨半乳糖性白内障大鼠晶状体上皮细胞的改变。方法　２４只ＳＤ雌性大鼠，分为正常对照组和白内障组，每组１２只。白内障组大鼠用半乳糖饲料喂养，正常对照组大鼠用普通颗粒饲料喂养。裂隙灯显微镜下观察大鼠晶状体混浊程度变化，观察至３０ｄ处死大鼠后取晶状体，在光镜和电镜下观察晶状体病理组织和超微结构改变。结果　观察至３０ｄ时，正常对照组大鼠晶状体保持透明，白内障组大鼠９眼（３７．５％）出现均一的皮质性混浊，１５眼（６２．５％）出现核混浊。白内障组光镜下可见晶状体皮质和核部大量纤维细胞水肿、崩解，前囊膜下及后囊膜下出现纤维细胞样的有核细胞堆积；透射电镜下可见晶状体上皮细胞变性、增生并突破晶状体上皮层向浅层皮质移行。结论　半乳糖性白内障不仅有晶状体纤维细胞水肿及结构破坏，还存在晶状体上皮细胞的异常增生、分化和移行。

Pathological changes of lens epithelial cells in galactosemic cataract model of rats

Objective To investigate histopathological changes of lens epithelial cells in galactosemic cataract model of rats. Methods Twenty-four female SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group and cataract model group with 12 rats in each group. The mass fraction of 30% D-galactose feed was given daily to rats in cataract model group,and the regular feed was given to rats in normal group. The changes of lenses opacity were exanuned under the slit-lamp microscope during experiment. At day 30,the lenses were obtained and prepared for sections to observe the pathological changes under light microscope and ultrastructural changes under electron microscope. Results The lenses were all clear in normal control group at day 30,but there were cortical opacification in 9 eyes ( 37. 5% ) and nuclear opacification in 15 eyes (62. 5% ) in the cataract model group. Under the light microscope,there were large number of edema and disintegration lens fiber cells in the cortex and nucleus of the cataract lenses. There were accumulated fibroid cells underneath the anterior and posterior capsule in the cataract lenses. Under the transmission electron nucroscope,there were degenerated,proliferative and migrated cells in the lens epithelium of cataract lenses. Conclusion In galactosemic cataract lenses,there are not only the edema and structural damage of lens fiber cells,but also the abnormal proliferation,differentiation and migration of lens epithelial cells.