肿瘤疫苗免疫策略研究进展

随着免疫学的发展以及对肿瘤发生发、展机理的进一步认识，肿瘤疫苗已成为肿瘤治疗新的研究热点。相比于传统的放化疗，手术切除等手段，肿瘤疫苗具有特异性强，抗瘤谱广，耐受性低等优点。肿瘤疫苗主要通过调节机体的免疫反应，促进T细胞增殖和活化及细胞因子释放发挥作用，可以显著抑制肿瘤生长和转移，临床试验结果显示已取得一定效果。肿瘤疫苗免疫手段主要包括肿瘤细胞疫苗、树突状细胞疫苗、DNA疫苗、多肽疫苗、CTL表位肽疫苗、靶向肿瘤新生血管疫苗等。本文主要对肿瘤疫苗治疗的免疫学基础、作用特点、研究进展及应用现状作一综述。

Research progress of tumor vaccine strategy

Along with the development of immunology and further understanding of the mechanism of tumorigenesis, tumor vaccine has become a new research focus of cancer treatment.Compared with the traditional therapies such as radiotherapy,chemotherapy,surgical and other means,tumor vaccine has the characteristic of strong specificity,broad antitumor spectrum and low tolerance.Tumor vaccine can significantly inhibit tumor growth and metastasis mainly through regulating the immune response,promoting T cell proliferation and activation and cytokine release,and has ob-tained some achievements in clinical trails.Tumor vaccines mainly include tumor cell vaccine,dendritic cell vaccine, DNA vaccine,peptide vaccine,CTL epitope vaccine,anti -angiogenesis of tumor vaccine and so on.This article main-ly reviews immunology foundation of tumor immunotherapy,function characteristics,research progress and application status of tumor vaccines.