2 413例住院患者医院感染与社区感染现患率调查分析 FREE

目的了解某院住院患者医院感染与社区感染现状及抗菌药物使用情况。方法采用床旁调查与病历调查相结合的方法对该院2008年10月 29日住院患者的感染情况进行横断面调查，并填写个案调查表。结果共调查患者2 413例，发现医院感染98例（4.06%），109例次（4.52%）；发现社区感染 574例（23.79%），609例次（25.24%）。医院感染与社区感染的感染部位均以呼吸道居首位，分别占45.87%和31.53%。医院感染病原菌以金黄色葡萄球菌（20.00%）、鲍曼不动杆菌（10.00%）为主；社区感染病原菌以凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（15.38%）、金黄色葡萄球菌（13.85%）为主。调查日抗菌药物使用率为39.33%，其中内科抗菌药物使用率为28.66%（364/1 270），显著低于外科的51.18%（585/1 143）(χ2=127.85，P＜0.01)；治疗性用药者病原菌的培养送检率为23.46%（137/584），内科为36.88%（97/263），显著高于外科的12.46%（40/321）（χ2=48.01，P＜0.01）。结论该院患者社区感染率较高，应加大对高危部位感染的监测，规范使用抗菌药物，以控制感染的发生

Prevalence rates of nosocomial infection and community acquired infection in 2 413 patients FREE

Objective To realize the prevalence and antimicrobial use of nosocomial infection （NI） and community- acquired infection （CAD in hospitalized patients . Methods Cross-sectional investigation on infection in patients who admitted in a hospital on October 29, 2008 were surveyed through bed-side examination and medical records checkup. Results A total of 2 413 patients were investigated, NI prevalence rate was 4. 06% （98 cases）, NI case prevalence rate was 4. 52% （109 eases） ; the prevalence rate of CAI was 23.79% （574 cases）, CAI ease prevalence rate was 25.24%（609 cases）. The main infection sites of both NI and CAI was respiratory tract, which was 45.87% and 31. 53% respectively. The main bacteria in NI were Staphylococcus aureus （20. 00%） and Acineto- bacter （10. 00% ） ; The main bacteria causing CAI were coagulase negative Staphylococcus （15.38%） and Staphy- lococcus aureus （13.85%）. Antimicrobial application rate was 39. 33%, antimicrobial application rate in internal medicine department was 28. 66% （364/ 1 270）, which was significantly lower than that of surgical department （51.18%, 585/1 143） （χ^2 = 127. 85, P〈0. 01） ; the culturing rate of pathogens in patients with curative use of antimicrobial agents was 23.46%（137/548） in surgical department, and 36. 88% （97/263） in internal medicine department, which was significantly higher than that of surgical department （12. 46% , 40/321 ） （χ^2 = 48. 01, P〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion Community acquired infection in this hospital is high, surveillance of high risk sites for infection should be intensified, and antimicrobial use should be standarded, so as to control the occurrence of infection.