斑秃合并特应性皮炎免疫学特性及治疗研究进展

目前大多数研究认为斑秃是Th1细胞介导的自身免疫性疾病，特应性皮炎是经典的Th2细胞主导的炎症性疾病。但最近的研究也显示了Th2轴在斑秃发病中的潜在作用，在斑秃患者的头皮和血清中发现Th2相关生物标志物显著升高。此外，GWAS也在斑秃中鉴定出了Th2的易感性位点(IL-4和IL-13)。同时合并FLG突变的患者更容易发展成重度斑秃。度普利尤单抗和JAK抑制剂在合并特应性皮炎的斑秃患者中的治疗效果，进一步阐明了不同细胞因子通路对斑秃表型的影响，有助于未来斑秃靶向治疗的选择。

Update of the study of immunological characteristics and management progress in the study of alopecia areata combined with atopic dermatitis

Most current studies suggest that alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease mediated by Th1 cells, and that atopic dermatitis is a classic Th2 cell-led inflammatory disease. Recent studies have also shown a potential role of the Th2 axis in the onset of alopecia areata, with significant elevation of Th2-associated biomarkers found in the scalp and serum. In addition, GWAS also identified susceptibility loci for Th2 (IL-4 and IL-13) in alopecia areata. Patients with concurrent FLG mutations are more likely to develop severe alopecia areata. The therapeutic efficacy of duplizumab and JAK inhibitors in alopecia areata with atopic dermatitis suggests the contribution of different cytokine pathways to the alopecia areata phenotype and contributing to the future selection of alopecia areata-targeted therapeutic.