低剂量电离辐射长期接触健康效应研究进展

随着核能的发展及电离辐射的广泛应用,接触低剂量电离辐射的职业人群和公众越来越多,低剂量电离辐射接触对人群健康效应包括致癌、非致癌等研究成为公共卫生领域研究的热点。低剂量电离辐射引起的各种生物效应主要取决于辐射的物理性质、接触时间、剂量和剂量率等。目前关于低剂量电离辐射长期接触对人群的健康效应研究结论尚无一致共识。本文就国内外关于低剂量电离辐射长期接触的健康效应研究进行回顾,为低剂量电离辐射长期接触人群的健康效应、影响机制及防护策略研究等提供科学基础。

Research progress in health effects of long-term exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation

With the development of nuclear energy and the wide application of ionizing radiation, more and more occupational populations and the public are exposed to low-dose ionizing radiation. Consequently, the research on human health effects of exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation, including carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic effects, have become a hot topic in the field of public health. The biological effects caused by low-dose ionizing radiation mainly depend on the physical property, duration, dose, and dose rate of ionizing radiation. At present, there is no consensus on the effects of long-term exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation on human health. This article reviews the research on the health effects of long-term exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation at home and abroad, and provides a scientific basis for research on the health effects, influence mechanism, and protection strategies of long-term exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation.