视网膜小胶质细胞参与糖尿病视网膜神经变性的分子机制研究进展

糖尿病视网膜神经变性(DRN)是由高血糖引起的视网膜神经血管单位破坏和血视网膜屏障功能障碍的一类疾病，神经元凋亡是该疾病的主要特征，可造成患者与视觉相关的生活质量下降。视网膜小胶质细胞(RMC)是视网膜胶质细胞的主要种群之一，主要参与视网膜神经元的发育，并维持视网膜神经元的功能。已有研究表明RMC的功能改变与DRN密切相关，靶向RMC可减少视网膜神经元损伤并减缓DRN的发生发展。本文就RMC参与DRN及其调控靶点和治疗药物展开综述，以期提供更多有效的防治策略。

Advances in the molecular mechanism of retinal microglial cells involved in diabetic retinal neurodegeneration

Diabetic retinal neurodegeneration (DRN) presents as a neurovascular unit and blood-retinal barrier dysfunction caused by hyperglycemia. Neuronal apoptosis is the hallmark of DRN and reduces the vision-related quality of life in patients. Retinal microglial cells (RMC), the main population of retinal glial cells, are closely related to the development and functional maintenance of retinal neurons. Studies have shown that the functional changes of RMC are associated with DRN, and targeting RMC may attenuate retinal neuropathy and slow down the occurrence and development of DRN. This paper reviews the role of RMC in DRN and its control targets and drugs to provide more prevention and treatment strategies.