广东省2004-2005年老年人伤害死亡原因分析

目的分析广东省老年人伤害死亡原因，为制定老年人伤害优先干预措施和为有关部门制定政策提供科学依据。方法采用等比例分层整群随机抽样方法，抽取广东省有代表性的12个县（区、市）作为监测点，收集2004-2005年监测点辖区内60岁及以上老年人伤害死亡资料进行分析。结果2004-2005年广东省12个调查点60岁及以上老年人总人口数为1756981人，伤害死亡人数为2576例，占总死亡数的2．58％，平均伤害死亡率为146．6／10万。60岁及以上男性伤害死亡率为166．9／10万（1333／798489），女性为129．7／10万（1243／958492），男性伤害死亡率高于女性（P〈0．01）；城市老年人伤害死亡率为96．5／10万（510／528312），农村为168．1／10万（2066／1228669），城市老年人伤害死亡率低于农村（P〈0．01）。死亡率居前5位的死因分别是运输事故死亡796例（45．3／10万）、跌倒死亡747例（42．5／10万）、故意自害死亡545例（31．0／10万）、意外淹溺和沉没死亡183例（10．4／10万）、有毒物质中毒死亡67例（3．8／10万），其构成比分别为30．9％、29．0％、21．2％、7．1％、2．6％；前5位死因死亡例数占该年龄组伤害死亡总数的90．8％（2338／2576）。结论广东省老年人伤害死亡不容忽视，应优先开展老年人交通伤害和跌倒干预，保障老年人生活质量。

Epidemiological characteristics on fatal injury among the elder in Guangdong Province ,2004-2005

Objective To figure out the causes of fatal injury among the elder so as to bring forward prioritized injury intervention programs aimed at the elder as well as provide the scientific basis for policy-making. Methods Using proportionally stratified cluster sampling method, a representative sample of cases due to fatal injury from 2004 to 2005 was collected from 12 counties （districts） in Guangdong Province. Results There were 1 756 981 people aged 60 years or older, of whom, 2 576 deaths caused by injury during 2004-2005, accounting for 2. 58% of all deaths. The average mortality rate of injury was 146. 6/100 000. By gender, mortality rate for males was 166. 9/100 000 and 129. 7/100 000 for females （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. The mortality rate was 96. 5/100 000 for the elderly in urban area, significantly less than that in rural area （ 168. 1/100 000） （P 〈0. 01 ）. The top five leading causes of the mortality were traffic accidents （45.3/100 000）, accidental falls （42. 5/100 000）, self-inflicted injury （31.0/100 000 ）, drowning （10.4/100 000）, and poisoning （3.8/100 000） in turn. The deaths due to these top five leading causes accounted for 90. 8% of the total injury deaths in this age group. Conclusion Injury among the elderly cannot be ignored and intervention towards traffic and fall injury should be prioritized to guarantee their life quality.