中药材商品规格等级的形成和演变

中药材商品规格等级是评价中药材质量优劣的重要参考指标,影响着同种药材价格高低,对促进中药材"优质优价",方便、规范市场交易,以及对整个中药行业的发展具有重要意义。中药材商品规格等级的形成演变经历了长期的历史发展过程,该文参考了大量本草典籍和相关文献,将中药材商品规格等级的形成和演变过程进行了整理与分析,以期从根源上为中药材商品规格等级标准的修改制定和中药材商品的后续管理提供理论依据。作者认为,中药材商品规格等级的形成和发展经历了4个阶段,分别为:南北朝以前的萌芽期,唐宋前后的发展期,明清阶段的成熟期和建国至今的继承发展期。作者认为临床疗效是推动商品规格等级发展的原动力,此外,国家的医药政策、国际地位、科学技术水平等各方面都在一定程度上影响着商品规格等级的发展。最后,鉴于商品规格等级的演变规律分析,作者对商品规格等级的修改制定工作提出了3点建议。

Formation and evolution of commodity specification and grade of traditional Chinese medicine

As an important reference index to evaluate the quality of Chinese medicinal materials, the commodity specification and grade of traditional Chinese medicine has an effect on the medicinal material''s price, can promote "high quality and high price" of the traditional Chinese medicine, prompt market transactions more convenient and standard, and has a great significance to the development of the whole traditional Chinese medicine industry. The formation of traditional Chinese medicine specifications and grades experienced a long historical development process. In order to provide the reference for modification of the product specifications and grades standards and management of traditional Chinese medicine products, the author consulted a large number of materia medica books and related references, sorted and analyzed the historical development process. The author divided the formation and development process into four stages, including germination stage before the Southern and Northern Dynasties, development stage of Tang and Song Dynasty, mature period of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the inheritance development stage since the foundation of the People''s Republic. The author believes that the clinical curative effect is the driving force to promote the development of commodity specifications and grades. In addition, the national pharmaceutical policy, international status, the level of science and technology also influence the development of commodity specifications and grades in some extents. Finally, the author provides three piece of suggestions for the modification of the product specifications and grades standards, according to the historical development rule.