Premyopia at Preschool Age: Population-based Evidence of Prevalence and Risk Factors from a Serial Survey in Taiwan |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Ophthalmology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan;2. Public Health Bureau, Yilan County, Taiwan;3. Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan;4. Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan;5. Community Medicine Research Center & Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan;6. Department of Ophthalmology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan;7. Department of Ophthalmology, Suao Branch, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan;1. Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts;2. Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts;1. Eye Center, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany;2. Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany;1. Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee;2. Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee;3. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee;1. The Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;2. American Academy of Ophthalmology, San Francisco, California;3. Mid Atlantic Cornea Consultants, Towson, Maryland;4. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany;1. Department of Ocular Tumor and Orbital Disease, The New York Eye Cancer Center, New York, New York;2. The Eye Cancer Clinic, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, and Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada;3. Ocular Oncology Service, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland;4. Department of Ocular Oncology, Narayana Nethralaya Eye Hospital, Bangalore, India;5. Pediatric Oncology Center, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Beijing, China;6. Department of Ophthalmology, Hamilton Eye Institute, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, and Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee;7. USC Roski Eye Institute, Keck Medical School, University of Southern California, and The Vision Center at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California;8. Department of Vitreoretina Services, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India;9. Ocular Oncology Department, The S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation;10. Department of Surgery (Ophthalmology), King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan;11. SRI of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center Oncology of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation;12. Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Moscow, Russian Federation;13. Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico;14. Precision Medicine Coordination Hospital JP Garrahan, and CONICET, National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Buenos Aires, Argentina;15. Hemato-Oncology Service, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain;16. Ophthalmology Service, Hospital JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina;17. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong;18. Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Ophthalmology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia;19. KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore;20. Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Surgery, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana;21. Department of Child Health, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana;22. Retinoblastoma Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;1. Cornea Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts;2. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey;3. Department of Ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York;4. Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida;5. Cornea and External Disease Service, Paulista Medical School/Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;6. Cornea Service, The Cornea Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, Hyderabad, Telangana, India;7. Cornea Service, New England Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts;8. Foster Center for Ocular Immunology, Duke Eye Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina |
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| Keywords: | Childhood myopia COVID-19 pandemic Epidemiology Premyopia Preschooler BPEDS" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0040" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Baltimore Pediatric Eye Disease Study CI" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0050" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" confidence interval COVID-19" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0060" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Coronavirus Disease 2019 D" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0070" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" diopters IMI" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0080" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" International Myopia Institute MEPEDS" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0090" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Multi-Ethnic Pediatric Eye Disease Study OR" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0100" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" odds ratio SE" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0110" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" spherical equivalent YMVIP" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0120" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Yilan Myopia Prevention and Vision Improvement Program |
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