Expression and localization of pChAT as a novel method to study cholinergic innervation of rat adrenal gland |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt;2. Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt;1. Division of Anatomy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania;2. MEDCENTER, Center of Excellence in Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Bucharest, Romania;3. International Society of Regenerative Medicine and Surgery (ISRMS), Romania;4. Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Catania, Italy;5. Division of Ophthalmology, S.C.U.O., Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania;6. Clinical Hospital of Ophthalmologic Emergencies (S.C.U.O.), Bucharest, Romania;1. Department of Brain Physiology, State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences, Bogomoletz Str. 4, Kiev 01024, Ukraine;2. Laboratory of Experimental Neurophysiology, Pirogov National Medical University, Ministry of Public Health of Ukraine, Pirogov Str. 56, Vinnitsa 21018, Ukraine;3. Department of Movement Physiology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences, Bogomoletz Str. 4, Kiev 01024, Ukraine;1. Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain;2. Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain;3. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain;4. Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil;1. Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy;2. School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy |
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| Abstract: | Cholinergic innervation of the rat adrenal gland has been analyzed previously using cholinergic markers including acetylcholinesterase (AChE), choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT). In the present study, we demonstrate putative cholinergic neurons in the rat adrenal gland using an antibody to pChAT, which is the product of a splice variant of ChAT mRNA that is preferentially localized in peripheral cholinergic nerves. Most of the ganglionic neurons as well as small single sporadic neurons in the adrenal gland were stained intensely for pChAT. The density of pChAT-immunoreactive (IR) fibers was distinct in the adrenal cortex and medulla. AChE-, cChAT- and VAChT-immunoreactivities were also observed in some cells and fibers of the adrenal medulla, while the cortex had few positive nerve fibers. These results indicate that ganglionic neurons of the adrenal medulla and nerve fibers heterogeneously express cholinergic markers, especially pChAT. Furthermore, the innervation of the adrenal gland, cortex and medulla, by some cholinergic fibers provides additional morphological evidence for a significant role of cholinergic mechanisms in adrenal gland functions. |
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| Keywords: | Acetylcholine Choline acetyltransferase Adrenal gland Cholinergic Rat |
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