脑梗死恢复期患者家属需求及相关因素分析

目的了解脑梗死患者及家属在恢复期的需求，并分析其相关因素。方法采用自行设计的需求调查表，对81名住院患者家属进行调查。结果81名患者家属需求得分85—230分，平均（150．84±32．40）分，在7个维度中用药护理的需求最高，需求前10项中有6项是用药护理的需求，需求后10项中日常生活护理有6项，其中管道护理需求最低只占14．8％。男性家属和女性家属在日常生活护理方面的需求差异有统计学意义[（21．70±6．11）分比（17．63±5．50）分；t=3．13，P〈0．01]；有、无照护经历的家属需求总分差异有统计学意义[（164．90±30．28）分比（142．12±30．81）分；t=-3．26，P〈0．01]；患者家属需求的其他相关因素有护工协助照护、家属与患者的关系、家属的文化程度（P〈0．05）。结论恢复期脑梗死患者家属对用药护理、患者心理护理、家属自身需求、家庭安全环境、康复护理及预防并发症护理存在不同程度的需，护士应针对性地对家属进行宣教。

Requirements of recovery cerebral infarction panients' family and the related factors

Objective To explore the requirements of patients with recovery cerebral infarction and their family and the related factors. Methods 81 patients in hospital were investigated by a self-designed questionnaire. Results Needs score of 81 patients was 85 -230, and the average was (150.84 ±32.40).Medication care was the most needs of all the seven dimensions. 6 medication cares were in the top 10 needs,and 6 ordinary nursing in the last 10 items and pipeline nursing was the lowest and accounted for 14.8％. Male family members were different from the female in the nursing requirements [(21.70 ± 6. 11 ) vs ( 17.63 ±5.50) ; t =3.13, P ＜0. 01] ; Family members with and without care vigorous were also different [( 164.90 ±30.28) vs ( 142. 12 ± 30.81 ) ; t =- 3. 26, P ＜ 0. 01]. Other related needs of family members were care workers, relationship between the patients and the family members, and education status of family members, all the needs were statistically different ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusions Family members of patients with recovery cerebral infarction has several needs of different extent, such as medication care, psychological care of patients,self-needs of family members, safe family environments, recovery care and complication prevention care. Nurses should pay attention to the needs specifically.