428例抗生素不良反应／事件报告相关因素分析

目的分析急诊科428例抗菌药品不良反应／事件（ADR／ADE）报告的相关因素，了解抗生素ADR／ADE发生特点及规律，为临床护理安全、有效、合理用药提供参考。方法对我院急诊科2007年1月至2010年12月收集到的428例抗生素ADR／ADE报告数据进行回顾性统计分析。结果428例抗菌药品ADR／ADE报告中，女性多于男性，〈15岁患儿占14．26％，〉50岁患者占61．68％；头孢菌素类居首位占55．85％；静脉点滴占89．96％；主要临床表现为皮肤及其附件、消化系统、全身性损害等。结论加强抗生素ADR／ADE监测及护理工作，减少或者避免ADR／ADE的发生，确保临床护理安全、有效、合理用药。

Analysis on 428 cases adverse drug reaction/event reports of antibacterial agents

Objective To learn the adverse drug reactions/events (ADR/ADE) occurred in the characteristics and rules for clinical safe, effective and rational use of available information by analysis of 428antibacterial agents ADR/ADE Reports. Methods 428 antibacterial agents ADR/ADE Reports were statistical analyzed from Jan 1. 2007 to Dec 31. 2010 in our hospital. Results 428 cases of antibacterial agents ADR/ADE, females was slightly more than males; patients between 50 to 83 years old age were accounted for the majority (264 cases,61.68％ ) ;the cases that caused by cephalosporins were accounted for the most(239 case,55.85％ ),385 case that administered intravenously were accounted for the majority (89. 96％ ); antibacterial agents ADR/ADE main clinical manifestations of anaphylactic shock, respiratory, systemic and central nervous system damage. Condusions Strengthening antibacterial agents ADR/ADE monitoring, to decrease the occurrence of Serious ADR/ADE and ensure clinical safety, effective, rational use of drug.