乌鲁木齐地区375例慢性阻塞型肺疾病急性加重期中医证候及证素特点临床研究

目的:探讨慢性阻塞型肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)中医证候及证素特点。方法:通过对乌鲁木齐地区375例AECOPD患者的中医证候及证候要素信息采集,进行临床横断面调查,并进行相应的数据分析。结果:①本组病例男性多于女性,年龄基本集中在老年(60-89岁之间),汉族病例明显多于其他民族,比较均有统计学意义;并与吸烟、过敏体质及家族史相关。②证素特点:实证的发生率由多至少依次为:痰热犯肺证、痰浊阻肺证、血瘀证、表寒肺热证;虚证的发生率由多至少依次为:肺气虚证、肾气虚证、脾气虚证,构成该病的证素居前4位的是痰、热、血瘀、气虚,但在证候构成中主要以虚实夹杂为主;其靶点主要是肺脾肾。③证候组合结果分布:以4-5种以上复合证候多见,尤以肺脾肾虚兼痰热瘀阻肺最为常见。表寒肺热、肺肾阴虚痰热犯肺、肺脾气虚痰瘀阻肺及肺脾肾虚痰瘀阻肺、肺脾肾虚痰热瘀肺证5种证型为AECOPD主要证型,分别为7.20%、10.40%、21.07%、16.80%及44.53%。④不同病情分级的中医证候分布:Ⅱ级(中度COPD)和Ⅲ级(重度COPD)在本组病例中分布较多;Ⅰ级(轻度COPD)与Ⅳ级(极重度COPD)病例分布较少。Ⅰ级患者以痰热阻肺、表寒肺热为主,Ⅱ级患者以肺脾气虚痰浊阻肺多见,Ⅲ级以肺脾肾虚痰瘀阻肺证为主,Ⅳ级患者则以肺脾肾虚痰瘀阻肺证为主。结论:AECOPD是本虚标实、虚实夹杂、病机复杂的时期;痰浊瘀热和正气亏损代表了AECOPD的主要病机和证候要素特点;中医证型多为"肺脾肾虚痰热瘀阻肺"的复合证型。

Study on distribution regularity of TCM syndromes and characteristic on 250 cases of acute exacerbation chronic obstructiv pulmonary disease in Urumqi

Objective: To study the characteristics of TCM symptom and syndrome of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: The TCM syndrome investigation tables on COPD were made to carry out the transection clinical investigation on 375 cases in Wulumuqi. Results: In the acute aggravating stage, the incidence of excess syndrome was in an order of blood stasis syndrome, phlegm heatin lung syndrome, exterior cold and lung heat syndrome, and phlegm damp in lung syndrome; while the incidence of deficiency s...