苯巴比妥及氯贝丁酯对小鼠体内梭曼解毒作用的影响

考察了肝微粒体酶诱导剂苯巴比妥及氯贝丁酯对小鼠体内解毒酶的诱导作用及对小鼠体内梭曼解毒作用的影响. 结果表明，苯巴比妥，氯贝丁酯预处理均能显著提高小鼠肺脏，肝脏中羧酸酯酶及小鼠脑中胆碱酯酶活性，不同之处在于苯巴比妥亦能显著提高血中羧酸酯酶活性.小鼠按798 μg·kg^-1梭曼iv后0.25～1.5 min时，苯巴比妥能显著降低小鼠血中梭曼残留浓度，而氯贝丁酯则没有加速梭曼在小鼠体内消除的作用. 提示血中羧酸酯酶在梭曼解毒中发挥了重要的作用，针对提高血中羧酸酯酶活性为指标，有可能筛选出更为有效的解毒剂.

Effects of phenobarbital and clofibrate on the detoxification of soman in mice

The induction of phenobarbital and clofibrate, which are liver microsomal inducers, on organophosphate detoxifying enzymes, and the effect of these two medicines on the disappearance of soman from blood in mice were investigated. Carboxylesterase activities in liver and lung as well as acetylcholinesterase activity in brain were significantly increased by phenobar bital and clofibrate treatment, application of phenobarbital could also induce, whereas clofibrate did not, carboxylesterase activity in mouse plasma. Phenobarbital markedly reduced, while clofibrate did not, the blood level of soman in mice 0.25－1.5 min after iv soman 798 μg·kg^-1. In view of above mentioned results, we suggest that carboxyl-esterase in plasma play a more important role than that in liver and lung in soman detoxification, a more potent antidote may be found on the basis of the increase in carboxylesterase activity in plasma.