胎儿鼻骨超声检查在胎儿筛查中的作用

目的:探讨宫内胎儿鼻骨的超声表现与显示手法,提高对正常胎儿鼻骨结构的认识,评价其在胎儿筛查中的应用价值。方法:收集2004年6月~2004年12月在我院行彩超检查的孕妇613例,孕龄14~40周,对每一胎儿面部进行冠状、矢状及横切面扫查,并测量鼻骨长度。结果:中孕期正常胎儿鼻骨显示率为100%,613例筛查中1例无鼻且眼距近,有染色体异常,1例鼻骨短并有少量胸腹腔积液及大胎盘,为基因异常。3例均未见其他较大畸形并均经产后及行中期引产后证实。结论:超声测量胎儿鼻骨长度方法简单、可靠,容易掌握,再结合孕妇血清AFP和Free-β-HCG,对胎儿先天缺陷进行产前筛查有实用价值。

Role of measurement for fetal nasal bones by ultrasound in fetal screening

Objective:To probe into the ultrasonicgraphy and show skill of fetal nasal bones, height the recognition of normal feta nasal bones structurres, evaluate the value of measurement for fetal nasal bones by ultrasound in fetal screening. Methods:613 pregnant women at about 14 th~40 th weeks gestation from Jun 2004 to December were examined by color Doppler ultrasound. Routine coronal, vertical and transverse planes were applied and nasal bones were measured to scan the fetal nasal bone structures after all the fetal body were examined. Results:Fetal nasal bone structures were clearly displayed correctly recognized on the three routine planes in pregnant metaphase. In 613 pregnant women, one case with nasal bone defect had been certified to be chromosome abnormality. One case was gene abnormality with short nasal bone. Two cases have no other quite obvious abnormalities detected. The diagnoses were confirmed after subsequent labor or induced labor. Conclusion:The measurement method of fetal nasal bones by ultrasound is easy to lean and reliable in fetal screening combining with serum AFP and free- HCG level of pregnant women, which would be a practical method of preventing congenital defect.