维持性血液透析患者死亡原因分析

目的 分析尿毒症维持性血液透析患者死亡原因,并探讨其防治对策.方法 回顾性分析维持性血液透析（（MHD）至少3个月以上的145例患者的临床资料,分析MHD患者的死亡原因.结果 全组死亡38例,其中死于心血管并发症16例,脑血管并发症6例,重症感染5例,其他11例.死亡组动脉收缩压及透析期体质量增长率较存活组高,而血清白蛋白、清总胆固醇、血清肌酐及尿素氮浓度等较存活组低,平均血液透析时间较存活组明显缩短.结论 心血管并发症和感染是维持性血液透析患者最主要的死亡原因.重视血液透析充分性、控制血压、纠正贫血、加强营养支持治疗是预防该类并发症的重要手段.

Clinical analysis of death causes of renal faille patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis

Objective To analyze the causes of death in patients with uremia during maintenance hemodialysis and explore the countermeasures for improving life quality and decreasing mortality.Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical and hemodialysis material fo 145 patients with MH to analysis the causes of death.Results The total number of deaths was 38;cerebral hemorrhage 6,heart failure 16,infection 5,the mean age in the deceased group was older than that in the survival group.The systolic blood pressure in the deceased group was higher than that in the survival group,but the levels of serum albumin,serum total cholesterol,serum creatinine,and urea nitrogen in the deceased group were much more lower than those in the survival group.The mean duration of hemodialysis in the deceased group was shorter than that in the survival group.Conclusion Cardiovascular disease and severe infections were the leading causes of death in patients with maintenance hemodialysis.Controlling the inter-dialysis weight gain and blood pressure,improving the anemia and main-nutrition were the significant management of prevention of cardiovascular complications.