输尿管镜气压弹道碎石术与体外冲击波碎石术治疗输尿管中下段结石的比较

目的比较输尿管镜气压弹道碎石术（URSL）与体外冲击波碎石术（ESWL）治疗输尿管中下段结石的临床疗效。方法2007年1月～2009年1月，135例输尿管中下段结石患者随机分为ESWL组（57例）和URSL组（78例），比较观察两组的临床疗效及并发症发生情况。结果URSL组结石一次性清除率、有效率明显高于ESWL组，再次手术率明显低于ESWL组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。URSL组肾绞痛、恶心呕吐及发热发生率明显低于ESWL组，而血尿发生率高于ESWL组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论URSL治疗输尿管中下段结石疗效可靠、并发症少，是治疗输尿管中下段结石的首选方法。

Comparison of Ureteroscopic Pneumatic Lithotripsy and Extracorporeal Shock-wave Lithotripsy for Middle and Lower Ureteral Calculi

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy （URSL） and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy （ESWL） in the treatment of lower ureteral calculi. Methods From Jan. 2007 to Jan. 2009, 135 cases of lower ureteral stones were randomly divided into two groups： ESWL group（57 cases） and URSL group （78 cases）,and the efficacy and complications were observed and compared. Results The single stone clearance rate of the URSL group was significantly higher than that of the ESWL group, and its re-operation rate was significantly lower than that of the ESWL group, with a significant difference between the two groups（P〈0.05）. The occurrence rate of renal colic,nausea,vomiting and fever in the URSL group was significantly lower than that in the ESWL group,and the occurrence rate of urine in the former was higher than that in the ESWL group,with a significant difference （P〈0.05）. Conclusion URSL shows liable efficacy and fewer complications in the treatment of ureteral stones in the lower section,and therefore,it is the first choice for the disease.