气道内金属类支架置入的并发症分析

目的 探讨与气道内置入金属类支架有关的并发症及其防治。方法 回顾性分析我院75例气道内金属支架置入患者,总结丢架的并发症及治疗等。结果 （1）支架置入1周内,喉痛和胸痛最常见,分别为100%和89%;其次为分泌物潴留,约为12%。（2）支架置入后2周至6个月随访,较常见的并发症为排痰困难。占15%;支架腔内肉芽组织增生致气道再狭窄是较严重的并发症,占12%;最严重并发症为气管-支气管动脉瘘引起的致命性大咯血,约占1%,（3）术后长期随访（支架置入18个月以上）的并发症不多见,包括感染、肉芽增生致气道再狭窄和支架移位等,均需及时处理。结论 影响支架性能的并发症主要有感染、分泌物潴留、肉芽组织增生等,预防和控制感染、处理增生组织是维护支架功能的重要手段。

Analysis on the complications of endobronchial metal stents implantation

Objective　To study the prevention and treatment of complications of endobronchial metal stents implantation.Methods　Seventy-five were analyzed retrospectively patients underment endobronchial metal stent implantation in our hospital.Results　①Within 1 week after the therapy, throat sore and chest pains were common, counted for 100% and 89% respectively. The incidence of retension of secretions was about 12%.②From 2 weeks to 6 months after stent implantaion, the incidence of secretion retention was about 15%. Airway restenosis caused by graunloma formation was a severe complication, accounting for up to 12%. The most severe complication was trach-bronchial fistula that could lead to fatal haemoptysis.③Long time complications of stent implantation were unusual. They included infection, airway restenosis caused by granulation tissue, and migration of stents which should be managed in time.Conclusion　The complications caused by endobronchial metal stent implantation included infection, retention of secretions and granuloma formation. It is important to prevent and control them in time.