高压氧联合神经干细胞移植治疗大鼠脊髓损伤

背景：单纯神经干细胞移植已应用于对受损脊髓组织的修复。目的：以神经干细胞移植同时应用高压氧治疗大鼠脊髓损伤，观察联合作用对脊髓损伤大鼠运动功能恢复的影响。方法：雌性SD大鼠60只，以半切法制成胸段脊髓半横断大鼠模型。随机分成单纯损伤组、神经干细胞移植组及高压氧治疗组，每组20只。伤后第4周取材行病理切片苏木精-伊红染色及BrdU免疫组织化学染色，第8周取材行辣根过氧化物酶示踪，透射电镜观察轴突的再生情况，通过体感诱发电位观察神经电生理恢复情况。造模后1，2，4，6，8周进行BBB评分和斜板实验等运动功能检测。 结果与结论：观察伤后4周病理切片，单纯损伤组未见神经轴索通过，神经干细胞移植组可见少量神经轴索样结构，高压氧治疗组可见较多神经轴索样结构。BrdU的阳性细胞数及辣根过氧化物酶阳性神经纤维数，高压氧治疗组最多，神经干细胞移植组次之，单纯损伤组最少，且各组之间差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。透射电镜下神经干细胞移植组、高压氧治疗组正中横断面可见新生的无髓及有髓神经纤维。高压氧治疗组大鼠体感诱发电位的潜伏期短于神经干细胞移植组，波幅高于神经干细胞移植组(P < 0.05)，明显优于单纯损伤组(P < 0.01)。伤后4周神经干细胞移植组、高压氧治疗组大鼠后肢运动功能均有较明显恢复，高压氧治疗组较神经干细胞移植组恢复快(P < 0.05)；单纯损伤组亦有所恢复，但程度较轻。提示神经干细胞移植对于脊髓损伤大鼠后肢功能的恢复有促进作用，联合应用高压氧有协同效果。

Hyperbaric oxygen combined with neural stem cells transplantation for rat spinal cord injury

BACKGROUND: Neural stem cells (NSCs) transplantation is widely used in the repair of spinal cord injury (SCI).OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of NSCs transplantation plus hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on repair of rat SCI. METHODS: Sixty female rats were divided randomly into three groups: SCI group; NSCs transplantation group; NSCs transplantation+HBO group. Four weeks post-transplantation, histopathology examination and BrdU staining were performed. Eight weeks post-transplantation, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) nerve trace and transmission electron microscope testing and somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) testing were performed. At 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks post-injury, all animals were evaluated for the hind limb behavior with Basso-Beattle-Bresnahan (BBB) score and inclined plane test. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: HRP-labeled neurofibra and BrdU positive cells were found in the spinal cord of the NSCs transplantation+HBO group, some in NSCs transplantation group but few in the SCI group spinal cord injury. SEP testing in the SCI group surpassed that in the NSCs transplantation group (P < 0.05). There was significant difference between spinal cord injury group and NSCs transplantation+ HBO group (P < 0.01). By transmission electron microscope, nerve fibers and myelinated nerve fibers were found in the central transverse plane in the NSCs transplantation group and NSCs transplantation+HBO group. The outcome of functional recovery in the NSCs transplantation+HBO group surpassed that in the NSCs transplantation group. There was significant difference between the NSCs transplantation and NSCs transplantation+ HBO groups (P < 0.05). The outcome of the SCI group was worse than that of the other groups. There was significant difference between the NSCs transplantation group, NSCs transplantation+ HBO group and SCI group (P < 0.05). NSCs transplantation can promote the functional recovery of rat hind limbs after SCI, and its combination with HBO has a synergistic effect.