“一带一路”广西云南重点口岸蚊类监测分析

目的通过“一带一路”重点口岸蚊虫专项监测,了解西南口岸蚊虫种群构成及变化,为口岸蚊媒传染病防控提供科学依据。方法分别在2018年、2019年夏季于广西东兴、云南瑞丽和磨憨3个口岸,采用灯诱法、吸蚊器法采集成蚊,形态鉴定后,记录蚊种和数量。结果2018年、2019年3个口岸共捕获成蚊90156只,经鉴定隶属3亚科7属31种:按蚊属11种共9645只,占10.70%;库蚊属10种共71312只,占79.10%;伊蚊属6种共4597只,占5.10%;阿蚊属1种共1852只,占2.05%;曼蚊属1种2658只,占2.95%;轲蚊属1种2只,占0.002%;巨蚊属1种90只,占0.10%。3个口岸的蚊种为:东兴16种、瑞丽13种、磨憨23种。2018年共捕获成蚊7属28种,2019年共捕获成蚊6属19种,但黑点库蚊(磨憨1只)、埃及伊蚊(瑞丽1只)、多斑按蚊(磨憨30只)只在2019年监测到。三带喙库蚊在东兴口岸占78.29%(17300只),瑞丽口岸占94.24%(36310只),磨憨口岸占52.43%(15481只)。结论应将蚊虫专项监测与本底监测相结合,防止乙脑、疟疾、登革热等蚊媒传染病的跨境传播。

Monitoring and analysis of mosquitoes at key ports of Guangxi and Yunnan along the Belt and Road

Objective To understand the mosquito population composition and changes in southwest ports through special monitoring of“the Belt and Road”key ports,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of mosquito-borne diseases at ports.Methods In the summers of 2018 and 2019,adult mosquitoes were collected with light traps and absorbers at Dongxing Port in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Ruili Port and Mohan Port in Yunnan Province.After morphological identification,mosquito species and number were recorded.Results A total of 90156 adult mosquitoes were captured at the three ports in 2018 and 2019.31 species belonging to 7 genera of 3 subfamilies were identified.There were 9645 Anopheles mosquitoes from 11 species accounting for 10.70%,71312 Culex mosquitoes from 10 species accounting for 79.10%,4597 Aedes mosquitoes from 6 species accounting for 5.10%,1852 Armigeres mosquitoes from 1 specie accounting for 2.05%,and 2658 Mansonia mosquitoes accounting for 2.95%.Two mosquitoes(0.002%)of the genus Coquillettidia and 90 Toxorhynchites of 1 specie(0.10%)were captured.The mosquito species at the three ports were:16 species in Dongxing,13 species in Ruili and 23 species in Mohan.Twenty-eight species of adult mosquitoes in 7 genera were captured in 2018,while 19 species in 6 genera were captured in 2019.Culex nigropunctatus(Mohan,1),Aedes aegypti(Ruili,1)and Anopheles maculatus(Mohan,30)were captured only in 2019.Culex tritaeniorhychus accounted for 78.29%(17300)at Dongxing Port,94.24%(36310)at Ruili Port,and 52.43%(15481)at Mohan Port.Conclusion Mosquito surveillance should be combined with background surveillance to prevent the cross-border transmission of mosquito borne diseases such as JE,malaria and dengue fever.