辽宁地区变应性鼻炎患者变应原血清IgE检测结果分析

目的探讨辽宁地区变应性鼻炎患者变应原的临床特点及血清IgE检测的临床意义。方法对拟诊断为变应性鼻炎（allergic rhinitis,AR）的2883例患者进行变应原血清总IgE及特异性IgE（sIgE）检测，并对检测结果进行分析。结果2883例AR患者血清总IgE均呈阳性，2565例（89.0%）至少一种变应原呈阳性，其中单纯吸入性变应原阳性者1738例（67.8%），单纯食入性变应原阳性者301例（11.7%），二者同时有阳性反应者526例（20.5%）。吸入性变应原阳性率前3位依次为尘螨组合1（屋尘螨/粉尘螨）、狗上皮、蟑螂，阳性率依次为68.9%、37.3%、25.4%；食入性变应原阳性率前3位为花生、鸡蛋白、牛奶，阳性率依次为18.3%、15.6%、14.3%。吸入性变应原的强阳性反应率为66.4%，主要见于包括尘螨组合1（屋尘螨/粉尘螨）（15.1%）、艾蒿（9.7%）、普通豚草（6.6%）等，食入性变应原以弱阳性为主，二者差异具体统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论变应原血清IgE检测可以确定并评估AR患者的变应原种类和程度，并具有快速、简便、准确、定量、安全等特点，对于AR的临床诊治、评估和预防具有重要意义。

Analysis on serological IgE detection in patients with allergic rhinitis in Liaoning Province

ObjectiveTo study the characteristics of allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) in Liaoning Province and to explore significance of serological IgE detection.MethodsSerum IgE (total IgE and allergen specific IgE) detection was performed to 2883 patients with clinically suspected AR in our hospital. The results were recorded and analyzed.ResultsTotal IgE detection showed positive in all patients. 2565 (89.0%) cases presented positive to at least one kind of allergen in allergen specific IgE detection. Of them, 1738 (67.8%) were positive to inhalation allergens, 301 were positive to food allergens (11.7%), and 526 (20.5%) to both types. The 3 top inhalation allergens in order of positivity were dust mites (including dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and dermatophagoides farinae) (68.9%), dog epithelium (37.3%) and cockroach (25.4%). The 3 top food allergens were peanut (18.3%), egg albumen (15.6%) and milk (14.3%). The strong positive rate of inhalation allergens were 66.4%, while the positive reactions were weak to the food allergens. The differences of the rates of positive and strong positive reactions between the inhalation and food allergens were statistically significant (P<0.01).ConclusionWith advantages of rapidity, simplicity, accuracy, quantification and safety, serum IgE detection can determine the types of allergens and evaluate the severity in patients with AR, and therefore, is significant for the diagnosis, treatment, evaluation and prevention of AR.