2015年北京市空气质量指数及PM2.5浓度对鼻出血发病率的影响

摘要：目的探讨鼻出血的发病率与PM2.5浓度之间的关系，分析除自身因素以外，环境因素特别是空气质量以及大气中PM2.5浓度对鼻出血发病率的影响。方法收集2015年北京同仁医院急诊就诊鼻出血患者数量，北京市空气质量指数（air quality index, AQI）和大气中细颗粒污染物PM2.5浓度，统计鼻出血数量与PM2.5浓度之间的关系；按空气质量指数将全部数据进行分组，统计各组之间鼻出血发病率之间的差异。结果鼻出血的发病率与PM2.5之间呈正相关(r=0.261)；当空气质量达到重度污染时，鼻出血的发病率比空气质量为优良时明显增加,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论PM2.5浓度的增加可能是鼻出血发病的一个健康风险因素。

Effect of air quality index and PM2.5 concentration on the incidence of epistaxis in Beijing in 2015

Abstract:ObjectiveTo find the influences of environmental factors, especially air quality index (AQI) and PM2.5 concentration, on the incidence of epistaxis via evaluating the relationship between incidence of epistaxis and PM2.5 concentration.MethodsAll patients with epistaxis attending emergency department of Beijing Tongren Hospital in 2015 were included. The dada of AQI and PM2.5 concentration of Beijing were collected. The relationships between incidence of epistaxis and PM2.5 concentration were statistically analyzed. All the patients were divided into 3 groups according to the AQI. The differences of incidences among different groups were analyzed.ResultsThe incidence of epistaxis and PM2.5 concentration were positively correlated(r=0.261). The incidence of epistaxis in the group with AQI of heavy pollution was significantly higher than that in the group with excellent and good AQI (P<0.05).ConclusionIncrease of PM2.5 concentration may be a health risk factor for epistaxis.