川牛膝与麻牛膝的形态鉴别

目的鉴别川牛膝与麻牛膝形态特征。方法运用组织切片法和显微电镜观察法,对川牛膝“宝膝1号”与麻牛膝的组织形态进行比较、鉴别。结果川牛膝与麻牛膝在花序、茎、叶片和根部组织形态上有明显差异。川牛膝为主根系植物,茎中有4个维管束,表皮毛数量较多,叶片呈浅绿色,叶绿体发育正常;而麻牛膝为支根系植物,堇中有2个维管束,表皮毛数量较少。此外,麻牛膝叶片在高海拔地区呈深绿色且有大小不规则的黄色斑点,有嗜锇颗粒出现,然而低海拔地区的麻牛膝并无此现象。结论确定了川牛膝和麻牛膝的主要形态特征,并为川牛膝和麻牛膝的鉴别提供科学依据。

Morphological Identification of Cyathula officinalis Kuan.and Cyathula capitata(Wall.)Moq.

OBJECTIVE To identify morphological characteristics of Cyathula officinalis Kuan,and Cyathula capitata(Wall.)Moq..METHODS Based on tissue morphology features,C.officinalis Kuan,and Cyathula capitata(Wall.)Moq.were differentiated by using tissue sectioning,optical microscope,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy technology.RESULTS C.officinalis exhibited features,such as main roots,stems composed of four vascular bundles,relative rich trichomes,less green color,however,for C.capitata,hairy roots,stems composed of two vascular bundles and less trichomes were observed.Compared with low altitude condition,high-altitude condition may induce darker green color and formation of yellow spots and osmiophilic granules of leaves for C.capitata.CONCLUSION It provides a scientific approach to differentiate these two closely related medicinal plants.