黑龙江省兰西县农村居民空腹血糖受损和糖尿病的横断面研究

目的 了解黑龙江省兰西县农村居民空腹血糖受损(IFG)检出率、糖尿病(DM)患病率和相关因素及DM的知晓率、治疗率、控制率.方法 整群抽取黑龙江省兰西县平山镇11个屯3480名35岁以上农村居民进行横断面调查.结果 兰西县农村居民IFG检出率为4.68%,标化率为4.47%;其中男性占5.06%,女性占4.38%,标化率分别为4.71%、4.24%;男、女性及总的DM患病率分别为7.85%、6.57%和7.15%,标化后分别为7.22%、6.62%和6.80%.空腹血糖水平无性别差异(χ2=2.725,P=0.256);IFG检出率和DM的患病率均随年龄的增加而上升,年龄与空腹血糖水平关系的趋势χ2检验差异有统计学意义(χ2=58.115,P=0.000);多因素逐步回归分析结果提示:年龄、吸烟、体重指数和甘油三酯是空腹血糖水平的危险因素,OR值(95%CI)分别为1.518(1.360～1.694)、1.277(1.134～1.439)、1.187(1.014～1.391)和1.754(1.385～2.220);DM的知晓率、治疗率、控制率、知晓者中治疗率分别为12.74%、9.43%、4.72%和74.07%.结论 平山镇地区DM患病率及IFG检出率处于较高水平,而DM的知晓率、治疗率和控制率较低.

A cross-sectional study of impaired fasting glycaemia and diabetes mellitus in rural residents of Lanxi,Heilongjiang

Objective To investigate the current status of impaired fasting glycaemia (IFG),diabetes mellitus(DM) and correlated factors, as well as on the awareness, treatment and control rate of diabetes mellitus in rural residents of Lanxi, Heilongjiang. Methods Cross-sectional and cluster sampling method was carried out on 3480 residents over 35 years of age, in rural residents of Lanxi Pingshan,Heilongjiang province. Results To male, female and all, the detecting rate of IFG were 5.06%,4.38% and 4.68% respectively, and the standardization rate of IFG became 4.71%, 4.24% and 4.47% respectively. The prevalence rates of DM were 7.85%, 6.57% and 7.15% but after standardization, they became 7.22%, 6.62% and 6.80% respectively. Results did not show statistical difference between sex and the level of fasting glycaemia (χ2 = 2. 725, P = 0. 256). The prevalence rates of IFG and DM increased with age and difference was seen between age and fasting glycaemia level (χ2 = 58.115, P = 0. 000). Data from multivariable stepwise analysis showed that age, smoking, BMI and high triglyceride were the significant factors in fasting glycaemia level, and the ORs (95% CI) were 1. 518 ( 1. 360-1. 694), 1. 277(1.134-1.439),1.187(1.014-1.391) and 1.754(1.385-2.220) respectively. The rates of awareness,treatment and control rate in DM were 12.74%, 9.43% and 4.72% respectively while the treatment rate among those who knew the disease was 74.07%. Conclusion Our result showed that the isolating rate of IFG and the prevlence rate DM were high in this region, but the awareness, treatment and control rate in DM were low. It is essential to strengthen health promotion program on diabetic knowledge and to elevate the primary and secondary prevention in the rural of Heilongjiang,so as to raise the rate of control.