新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情背景下ICU护理人员职业获益感现状调查及影响因素研究

目的调查新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情背景下重症监护病房(ICU)护理人员职业获益感现状,并探讨其影响因素,为提高ICU护理人员职业获益感提供参考。方法采用方便抽样方法于2020年12月至2021年3月对西安市3家综合医院的ICU护理人员的一般资料及职业获益感进行调查,采用多元线性回归分析ICU护理人员职业获益感的影响因素。结果246名ICU护理人员中男性23名,占9.35%;女性223名,占90.65%。新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情背景下ICU护理人员职业获益感NPPBS总得分平均(114.26±7.51)分,条目均分(3.94±0.26)分。5个维度条目均分最高是自身成长维度(4.03±0.33)分,最低是良好护患关系维度(3.89±0.35)分。不同学历、婚姻状态、年龄、从事ICU护理工作时间、职称、每月夜班数、护士层级、临床带教、科研参与、职务、是否在抗疫一线、既往有无经历过突发公共卫生应急事件、是否担心感染新型冠状病毒肺炎的ICU护理人员职业获益感NPPBS得分差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,无临床带教(β’=-0.065)、不在抗疫一线(β’=-0.053)、既往无经历过突发公共卫生应急事件(β’=-0.074)、不担心感染新型冠状病毒肺炎(β’=0.108)是新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情背景下ICU护理人员职业获益感的主要影响因素。结论新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情背景下ICU护理人员职业获益感处在中等水平,建议重点关注以上主要影响因素并进行合理干预,提升ICU护理人员职业获益感。

Status and influencing factors of professional benefit sense in ICU nurses in the context of COVID-19 epidemic

Objective To investigate the current situation of the professional benefit sense of intensive care unit （ICU） nurses in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic, and to explore its influencing factors, so as to provide reference materials for improving the professional benefit sense of ICU nurses. Methods Using the convenient sampling method, the general data and professional benefit sense of ICU nurses in three general hospitals in Xi'an were investigated from December 2020 to March 2021. The influencing factors of professional benefit sense of ICU nurses were analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis. Results Among 246 ICU nurses, 23 were males, accounting for 9.35%; 223 were females, accounting for 90.65%. In the context of COVID-19 epidemic, the total average nurse perceived professional benefits scale （NPPBS） score of ICU nurses was （114.26±7.51） points, the average score of items was （3.94 ± 0.26） scores. The highest score was in the “self-growth” （4.03 ± 0.33）, and the lowest score was in the “good nurse-patient relationship” （3.89 ± 0.35）. Among ICU nurses with different educational background, marital status, age, working hours in ICU, position title, number of night shifts per month, nurse level, clinical teaching, scientific research participation, position, whether worked on the front line of anti-epidemic, whether experienced public health emergencies in the past and whether feared about contracting COVID-19, there was a statistically significant difference in the NPPBS scores of professional benefit sense （all P<0.01）. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that no clinical teaching （β'=-0.065）, not in the front line of anti-epidemic （β'=-0.053）, had not experienced public health emergencies （β'=-0.074） and did not fear of contracting COVID-19 （β'= 0.108） were the main factors influencing the professional benefit sense of ICU nurses in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic. Conclusion In the context of the COVID-19 epidemic, the professional benefit sense of ICU nurses is at a moderate level. It is suggested to focus on the above main influencing factors and carry out reasonable intervention to improve the professional benefit sense of ICU nurses.