MSCT对肺动脉栓塞的诊断价值

目的：分析多层螺旋CT(multishce spiral CT，MSCT)对肺动脉栓塞的肺血管分布及肺内改变的诊断价值。方法：回顾分析12例肺动脉栓塞患者的增强MSCT图像。将受累肺动脉分为中央型、周围型、混合型；肺叶水平动脉内充盈缺损分为完全型、部分充缺，并观察对比相应区域肺内改变。结果：肺动脉栓塞周围型2例，混合型10例；受累肺叶动脉25支，9支完全充盈缺损，16支部分充缺。随就诊检查时间的延长，部分充缺的比例有所增大。12例中肺内出现实变3例，出现频率为25％，其中1例诊断为肺炎，胸腔积液4例。结论：MSCT可以明确诊断肺动脉栓塞，多平面重建有助于其确诊。肺动脉栓塞的肺内改变发生率不高且无特异性，要以观察到栓塞的肺血管分布区一致为依据．肺内阴影的定性应结合临床及追随观察。

MSCT diagnosis of pulmonary embolism

Objective: To analyze the distribution and size of intraluminal filling defects and corresponding parenchymal findings in pulmonary embolism(PE) on MSCT. Methods: Twelve PE cases diagnosed by spiral CTA were retrospected . The involved pulmonary arteries according to presence of filling defects were classified as central, peripheral and mixed type. Lobular pulmonary artery with filling defects classified as complete defect and partial defects. The presence or absence of parenchymal abnormalities and pleural effusion was noted. Results: Peripheral PE was identified in 2 of the 12 patients with PE, and others were with mixed type. Anatomic evaluation of filling defects at lobular level revealed a total of 25 arteries in 12 patients including 9 with complete filling defect and 16 with partial filling defect. Only 3 cases were found to have parenchyma consolidation from all the 12 cases, and 1 case was diagnosed as pneumonia. Pleural effusion was seen in 4 cases. Conclusion: Parenchymal changes in PE do not often take place and lack specified signs. Diagnosis of PE is based on conformation of parenchymal changes with occluded segment of pulmonary arteries. Clinical history and follow up are of very importance in defining parenchyma change arose from PE.