品管圈理念在手术室处理医疗垃圾中的应用效果分析

目的 探讨品管圈理念在手术室处理医疗垃圾中的应用效果，为临床合理选择医疗垃圾处理方法提供参考。 方法 采用前瞻性研究方法，选择2014年7月—2015年7月普通外科手术室的8名护士作为调查对象，普通外科手术室从2015年1月成立手术室品管圈，圈名为“医疗垃圾环保圈”，由主管护师2名，护师3名，护士3名组成；观察与记录品管圈活动对策实施前后手术室医疗垃圾管理存在的问题，同时对圈员们解决问题能力、团队凝聚力、沟通协调能力进行调查与分析。 结果 品管圈活动实施前医疗垃圾管理中存在的缺陷与问题有60处，其中生活垃圾与医疗垃圾混放22次，占比36.7%；锐器处理不当8次，占比13.3%；医疗垃圾袋封口不严4次，占比6.7%；医疗垃圾在手术室存储时间过长16次，占比26.7%；医疗垃圾袋渗漏10次，占比16.7%；2015年1~7月品管圈实施后只有10处相关医疗垃圾管理处理的问题，发生情况明显少于品管圈实施前(P＜0.05)。品管圈实施后圈员的解决问题能力、团队凝聚力和沟通协调能力评分都明显高于实施前，差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。 结论 品管圈理念在手术室处理医疗垃圾中的应用能提高圈员的综合素质能力，减少医疗垃圾处理缺陷的发生，从而提高医院管理质量。 

Effects of quality control circle concept on medical waste disposal in operating room

Objective To investigate the applying ways and effects of quality control circle(QCC) for medical waste disposal in the operating room to provide a reference for clinical rational choice for medical waste disposal method. Methods The prospective study was performed from July,2014 to July,2015 in our hospital among 8 nurses from general surgery operating room who were included in "medical waste green circle"(two charge nurses,three nurses,and three composition nurses).The operating room medical waste disposal before and after the implementation of QCC countermeasures were compared,and the problem-solving skills,team cohesion,communication and coordination ability of QCC members were surveyed. Results The defects and problems existing in the medical waste disposal from August,2014 to January,2015 were 60 times,including 22 times of garbage and medical waste mix,accounting for 36.7%;8 times of sharps mishandled,accounting for 13.3%;4 times of medical waste bag sealing lax,accounting for 6.7%;16 times of long time storage of medical waste in the operating room,accounting for 26.7%;10 times of medical waste bags leak,accounting for 16.7%.After the implementation of QCC,only 10 times of defects and problems occurred in the medical waste disposal from January 2015 to July,the difference were significantly when compared with that before the QCC implementation(P<0.05).After the implementation of QCC,the problem-solving skills,team cohesion and communication skills scores were significantly improved(P<0.05). Conclusion The applying of QCC for medical waste disposal in the operating room can improve the overall quality and ability of circle members,reduce the incidence of medical waste defects,thereby improve the quality of hospital management.