早产儿视网膜病变的影响因素分析

摘要： 目的 观察早产儿视网膜病变 （ROP） 的发病情况， 分析与重度 ROP 有关的高危因素。方法 分析 2011 年 7 月—2014 年 7 月常州市妇幼保健院新生儿科收治的 703 例符合 ROP 筛查标准的患儿， 于生后 4～6 周或矫正胎龄 32 周开始统一由眼科医师使用双目间接检眼镜进行检查， 根据 ROP 检查结果决定是否治疗。收集患儿资料，比较不同胎龄、 不同出生体质量患儿的重度 ROP 检出情况。结果 703 例患儿中轻度 ROP 37 例， 检出率为 5.26%，重度 ROP 6 例， 检出率为 0.85%。胎龄<28 周和出生体质量 500~1 000 g 的患儿， 重度 ROP 患病风险明显增高， 差异均有统计学意义。结论 出生胎龄小和出生体质量低是发生重度 ROP 的危险因素， 早发现、 早治疗可预防 ROP 致盲。

The influence factor analysis of retinopathy of prematurity

Abstract: Objective To investigate the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and analyse the associated risk factors of the severe ROP. Methods A total of 703 preterm infants, who met the ROP screening criteria in Department of Neonatology Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Changzhou and with integrated data from July 2011 to July 2014, were analysed in this study. ROP screening was done by ophthalmologist with binocular indirect ophthalmoscope at 4 weeks after birth or chronological age of 32 weeks. According to the screening results they were decided to be treated or not. Data were collected and compared for the severity of ROP in children with different gestational ages and birth weights. Results The detection rate of mild ROP was 5.26 % and severe ROP was 0.85%. Birth gestational age < 28 weeks and birth weight 500- 1 000 g of the children, the risk of severe ROP was significantly increased. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Gestational age and birth weight are risk factors for severe ROP. Early detection and treatment can prevent the blindness of ROP.