抑癌基因RB-蛋白与肿瘤相关的研究进展

RB基因是人类最早发现和确定的抑癌基因，表达产物pRb是重要的细胞周期调节因子，参与细胞的生长分化。pRb功能的缺陷或丧失是很多肿瘤发生的基础，正常RB基因导入恶性肿瘤细胞能全部或部分抑制其恶性表现，也能增加常规化疗和放疗的效果，经截短修饰的RB94在体内和体外都有更好的抑癌作用。但pRb同时也被证实具有保护细胞免于凋亡的作用，此点与其抑癌作用相悖，其各方面功能也可受MicroRNA分子的调控。正是由于RB功能的多面性，近年来对RB与肿瘤的发生、发展和抑制作用的研究从未间断，不断有新的疑问和功能路径被发现。

Recent progress in relationship between RB protein and tumor

The retinoblastoma gene (RB) is the first discovered and identified tumor suppressor gene.Retinoblastoma gene product (pRb) is an important regulator of cell cycle,and its function loss is linked to development of numerous human cancers.Functional RB gene in tumor cells can partially or totally suppress tumorigenicity,improve effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy.RB94 is a truncated form of RB,can enhance tumor suppression or potency and activity against all tumor types in vitro and in vivo.pRb is also likely playing a role in protecting cells from apoptosis,which is somewhat contradictory for a tumor suppressor,and its functions can also be regulated by MicroRNA molecules.The study has never stopped on correlation of RB to tumor genesis,development and inhibition because of multiple functions of RB.New questions and functional routes are found continuously for RB.