2014 年天津市户籍居民死亡及去死因期望寿命分析

摘要： 目的 分析天津市户籍居民主要疾病死亡及去除疾病后期望寿命增加情况。方法 收集 2014 年天津市户籍居民全死因登记资料， 按照国际疾病分类 （ICD-10） 对疾病进行分类， 计算主要疾病粗死亡率及去除不同疾病之后对期望寿命的影响。结果 2014 年天津市户籍居民粗死亡率为 707.08/10 万， 男性和女性粗死亡率分别为 787.28/10 万和 626.37/10 万。造成天津市户籍居民死亡的主要疾病为非传染性疾病， 其中心脏病、 恶性肿瘤、 脑血管疾病及呼吸系统疾病是导致死亡人数最多的前 4 位疾病， 分别占总死亡人数的 31.5%、 23.6%、 22.2%和 8.3%。去除疾病后期望寿命增长最多的前 4 位疾病分别是心脏病、 脑血管疾病、 恶性肿瘤及呼吸系统疾病， 期望寿命分别增加 6.46、 3.28、 3.11 和 1.25 岁。结论 非传染性疾病是造成天津户籍居民死亡及期望寿命减少的主要疾病， 亟待采取有效的预防措施以遏制其危害。

Analysis on causes of death and life expectancy in residents of Tianjin, 2014

Abstract: Objective To explore the causes of death and life expectancy after elimination of main causes of disease in residents of Tianjin. Methods The death registry data of Tianjin residents in 2014 were collected and coded in “international classification of disease, 10th edition” . The crude death rate and life expectancy after elimination of main causes of disease were calculated, respectively. Results In 2014, the crude death rate in Tianjin residents was 70.708 per million, while in male and female were 78.728 and 62.637 per million respectively. The main cause of death in Tianjin residents was non-communicable disease. The top four death causes were heart disease, cancer, cerebrovascular disease and respiratory disease, accounting for 31.5%, 23.6%, 22.2% and 8.3% of the total death. The top four life expectancy lost diseases were heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, cancer and respiratory disease, with a 6.46 year, 3.28 year, 3.11 year and 1.25 year life increase respectively. Conclusion Non-communicable diseases are the major reason of death and life expectancy lost disease in Tianjin residents, which needs urgent effective intervention to control.