九种抗菌药物在小儿败血症中应用情况的分析

目的了解本地区近5年小儿血液系统感染的常见病原菌及抗菌药物的敏感性情况,以便指导临床医师合理使用抗生素。方法将小儿血液系统分离出的836株病原菌应用K-B法做了9种抗菌药物敏感性测定,并对不同年度的革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌的敏感率进行了分析。结果革兰氏阳性球菌(金黄色葡萄球菌、微球菌、表皮葡萄球菌)对丁胺卡那霉素和先锋5号的敏感率为76.8%和74.7%。革兰氏阴性杆菌(大肠埃希氏菌、伤寒沙门氏菌、非发酵菌)对丁胺卡那霉素和先锋5号的敏感率为82.4%和74.3%。铜绿假单胞菌对氧哌嗪青霉素的敏感率为89.0%,伤寒沙门氏菌对氯霉素、卡那霉素和氟哌酸的敏感率也很高,分别为88.4%,93.3%和83.1%。革兰氏阳性球菌对青霉素、红霉素、氨苄青霉素的耐药率很高分别为83.6%,82.7%,76.5%。大肠埃希氏菌对链霉素、氨苄青霉素、氯霉素和羧苄青霉素的耐药率也很高,分别为82.4%,99.4%,95.0%和80.0%。结论加强对儿科医师合理使用抗生素知识的培训、指导和评价是必要的。

Analysis of nine kinds of antibiotics used in children septicemia

Objective To study the pathogenic bacteria of hematological system in children andtheir susceptibility to antibiotics in this area and five years , in order to offer a guide for rationaluse of antibiotics in clinical practice. Methods We determine the susceptibility of nine kinds ofantibiotics to 836 strains pathogenic bacterium isolated from children blood by Kirby- Bauer test,and analysis the susceptible rate of gram- positive bacteria and gram- negative bacteria in the dif-ferent annual. Results The susceptible rates of gram- positive coccobacteria(staphylococcus aureus,micrococcus, staphylococcus epidermidis) to amikacin and cefazolin were 76.8% and 74.7%. Thesusceptible rates of gram- negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, bacterium typhosum and non- zymo-cyte ) to amikacin and cefazolin were 82.4% and 74.3% . The susceptible rate of pseudomonasaeruginosa to piperacillin was 89.0% .The susceptible rates of eberth bacillus to chloromycetin ,amikacin and piperacillin were 88.4%,93.3% and 83.1% respectively. The resistant rates ofgram- positive coccobacteria to penicillin,erythromycin and ampicillin were 83.6% ,82.7% and76.5% . The resistant rates of bacterium coli to streptomycin , ampicillin, chloromycetin and car-benicillin were 82.4%,99.4%,95.0% and 80.0%. Conclusion It is necessary to enhance train ofantibiotics usage for pediatricians.