髋关节声波诊断技术的建立及临床应用

发展一种非侵入性的声波诊断技术，通过评估髋关节声波传导特性，以反映髋关节的结构特征。所使用的声波分析仪包括3个系统：刺激系统，置于受试者的骶部中央提供振动和；声能转换系统为一对麦克风听诊器，安放在两侧股骨大转子和，以检拾穿过髋关节的声波信号，数据分析系统，为便携式装有双通道数字过滤程序可在1／3音节频带内进行声能测量的频率分析仪，对27名正常成人，20名正常学龄前儿童和40名正常新生儿分别进行了检测，结果显示：在200－315Hz的频率范围，两侧髋关节声波信号的相关性很高（CF＞0．9），声强差异很小（D＜3dB)，新生儿组，在更宽的频率范围（160－315Hz)两侧声波信号仍有很高的相关性（CF＞0．94），且声强差异更小（D＜2dB)，提示该声波诊断技术提供了一个有客观参数的评估髋关节声波传导特性的实用方法，为非侵入性显示骨关节结构特征及进一步研究和诊断髋关节疾患奠定了基础。

The Development and Clinical Application of Acoustic Diagnostic Technique in Hip Joint

This study aimed to develop a non-invasive diagnostic technique for the measurement of acoustic transmission in hip joints to reflect the dynamic response of the observed structure. This instrument consists of three sub-systems. An stimulation system applied a vibratory force at the sacrum of the test subject. A transduction system included a pair of identical microphones was installed in the tubes of two stethoscopes, which were placed at the greater trochanters on both sides for picking up the acoustic signals transmitting across the hip joints. The data acquisition and analysis system was a portable frequency analyser with a program of dual channel digital filter for measuring the power of acoustic signals in 1/3-octoscn frequency bands. Twenty-seven normal adults, 20 normal pre-school children and 40 normal neonates were recruited for the testing. Coherence function (CF) of the signal and the discrepancy (D) of bilateral hips were measured during the testing. The results from the three groups showed that there was a high coherence of the signals (CF>0.9) and a small discrepancy (D<3 dB) between bilateral hips in the frequency range of 200~315 Hz. For normal neonates, the frequency range (160~315 Hz) was wider in which the acoustic signals maintained a high coherence (CF>0.94) and a smaller discrepancy (D<2 dB) were observed between bilateral hips. This study has shown that the development of the acoustical diagnostic technique could provide a practical method with objective parameters. The results obtained in this study can offer a base for further investigation of hip disorders, particularly those related to structural abnormalities of hip joints.