Sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor 1 signalling in T cells: trafficking and beyond |
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| Authors: | Christopher S. Garris Victoria A. Blaho Timothy Hla May H. Han |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Graduate Program in Immunology, Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, , Boston, MA, USA;2. Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, , New York, NY, USA;3. Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, , Stanford, CA, USA |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a lipid second messenger that signals via five G protein-coupled receptors (S1P1–5). S1P receptor (S1PR) signalling is associated with a wide variety of physiological processes including lymphocyte biology, their recirculation and determination of T-cell phenotypes. The effect of FTY720 (Fingolimod, Gilenya™) to regulate lymphocyte egress and to ameliorate paralysis in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an animal model of multiple sclerosis led to the use of FTY720 as a first-line oral agent for treatment of relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis. However, a significant body of research suggests that S1P signalling may participate in diverse immune regulatory functions other than lymphocyte trafficking. This review article discusses the current knowledge of S1P signalling in the fate and function of T regulatory, T helper type 17 and memory T cells in health and disease. |
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| Keywords: | immune cells sphingosine 1‐phosphate T cells |
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