学前儿童气质特征与感觉统合失调相关关系的研究

目的探讨学前儿童气质特征与感觉统合失调之间的关系。方法从成都市一级幼儿园中用整群抽样的方法随机抽取两所幼儿园,对园内193名儿童进行感觉统合能力和气质类型的评定。结果不同气质类型儿童中感觉统合正常和失调构成有显著性差异。在易养型儿童中,感觉统合正常的儿童所占的比例最大。在启动缓慢型儿童和难养型儿童中,有感觉统合失调的儿童比例较大。感觉统合失调儿童在活动水平、趋避性、适应度、情绪本质、坚持度5个维度上与正常儿童差异显著。不同气质类型儿童在前庭失衡、学习能力发展不足两个能区的差异无显著性;在触觉功能不良、本体感失调两个能区上差异有明显的显著性。结论学前儿童感觉统合与气质特点失调有关,应针对不同的气质特点采取不同的抚养和教育方式,预防感觉统合失调和行为问题的发行。

The study of sensory integration dysfunction and temperament of preschool children

Objective To explore the relationship between sensory integrative dysfunction(SID)and temperament of preschool children.Methods 193 cases of preschool children were selected at random in two kindergartens.They were analyzed with Sensory Integrative Test Scales and Parent Temperament Questionnaire.Results The proportions of different temperament children in SID were significantly different.In Sensory Integration Normal the largest proportion was easy temperament.In SID,the largest proportion was difficult temperament children and slow-to-warm-up temperament children.The scores of the SID were significantly different from normal children in their activity,approach and withdraw,adaptation,quality of mood and persistence.There are no significantly different in imbalance of vestibule and study capability,but there are significantly different in tactile defensiveness and proprioceptive for different type temperament of preschool children.Conclusion SID had some relation to temperament of pre-school children,we should take different education and raising measures to prevent SID and behavior problem.