海拔高度对黔产宽叶缬草中挥发油及乙酸龙脑酯含量的影响

目的:分析不同海拔高度黔产宽叶缬草中挥发油及乙酸龙脑酯含量的变化情况,为该药材的栽培区域的选择提供参考。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取宽叶缬草挥发油,利用GC测定宽叶缬草挥发油中乙酸龙脑酯的含量,通过SPSS 17.0统计软件分析挥发油含量、乙酸龙脑酯含量与海拔高度的相关性。结果:不同海拔高度黔产宽叶缬草中挥发油及乙酸龙脑酯含量均具有显著差异。挥发油平均质量分数2.20%,变幅1.34%~3.60%,挥发油含量总体随海拔的增高而呈降低趋势,存在显著负相关;挥发油中乙酸龙脑酯平均质量分数50.29%,变幅29.64%~64.87%,乙酸龙脑酯含量基本上随海拔的增高而呈降低趋势,但无显著相关性。结论:黔产宽叶缬草中挥发油含量与海拔高度密切相关,建议该药材栽培宜选海拔较低区域。

Effects of Altitude on Contents of Volatile Oil and Bornyl Acetate in Valeriana officinalis var. latifolia Roots from Guizhou Province

Objective: To observe correlation between contents of volatile oil,bornyl acetate and altitude in Valeriana officinalis var. latifolia roots from Guizhou province,and provide a scientific basis for selection of its cultivation area. Method: Volatile oil in V. officinalis var. latifolia roots was extracted by steam distillation method.The content of bornyl acetate was determined by gas chromatography (GC).Correlation between contents of volatile oil,bornyl acetate and altitude was analyzed by SPSS 17.0 software. Result: Contents of volatile oil and bornyl acetate from different altitudes had significant differences.The average content of volatile oil was 2.20%,its amplitude was 1.34%-3.60%,volatile oil content in most samples was decreased with increasing of altitude.The average content of borneol acetate was 50.29%,its amplitude was 29.64%-64.87%,the content of borneol acetate substantially decreased with increasing of altitude,but it had no significant correlation. Conclusion: Altitude is closely related to the content of volatile oil in V. officinalis var. latifolia roots from Guizhou province,which suggests this herb should be cultivated within lower altitude area.