视网膜静脉阻塞的动物模型

目的：探讨建立猴眼视网膜静脉阻塞模型的方法。方法：应用氩离子激光光凝封闭猕猴视网膜静脉上、下主干，建立视网膜静脉阻塞的模型。对正常猕猴眼底、视网膜静脉激光光凝阻塞后即刻和24小时的眼底分别行眼底彩色照相和荧光素眼底血管照影，并观察视网膜的组织病理学及超微结构改变。结果：视网膜静脉阻塞后即刻见光凝处静脉剧烈收缩变细，血柱变窄以至消失；阻塞后24小时，可见实验动物眼底沿静脉血管分布呈火焰状出血，视网膜严重水肿，尤以后极部为显。其组织病理学和超微结构显示：视网膜组织水肿、增厚，以外丛状层最严重，可达正常的1—2倍，以细胞内水肿为主；胞质内线粒体肿大、内质网轻、中度扩张。结论：单纯激光光凝封闭猴眼视网膜静脉主干可以建立理想的视网膜静脉阻塞的模型。该模型的建立可为视网膜水肿的临床治疗和基础研究提供可能性。

Experimental retinal vein occlusion in rhesus monkeys

Objective:To establish an experimental model of retinal vein occlusion in rhesus monkey eyes. Methods:The central retinal veins of rhesus monkeys were photocoagulated by argon laser.The fundus of the eyes were observed by fundus color photography,fundus fluorescein angiography at the times before,soon after and 24 hours after photocoagulation.The histopathological and ultrastructural changes were also studied. Results:The appearances of normal fundus and the fundus after occlusion were similar to the pictures seen in human.The dilatation,leakage and haemorrhage of retinal microvasculature were occurred after occlusion.Flame-shaped haemorrhages along with the veins and severe edema in the posterior pole could be seen.The histopathological and ultrastructural changes revealed that the retina was vacuolated and thicken,which could be mostly seen in the outer plexiform layer,the thickness might be the 1 to 2 times of the normal.The intracellular edema was conspicuous.The mitochondria were swollen and the endoplasmic reticulums were enlarged. Conclusions:An experimental model of retinal vein occlusion was successfully produced in rhesus monkeys by argon laser photocoagulation.