住院患者输血前血清学4项检查结果分析及临床意义

目的探讨住院患者输血前检测4项指标在医院感染管理和控制中的临床意义,以便做好自我防护及预防交叉感染,同时避免医疗纠纷的发生。方法对本院2007~2010年3 237例住院输血前患者采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)进行血清学乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、人类免疫缺陷病毒(Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型)抗体(抗-HIV1/2)、丙型肝炎抗体(抗-HCV)、梅毒抗体(抗-TP)检测分析。结果检测样本总阳性数531例,总阳性率16.40%。其中检出HBsAg阳性362例、抗-HIV阳性13例、抗-HCV阳性50例、抗-TP阳性116例,经梅毒螺旋体血细胞凝集试验确证106例。不同性别的检测情况来看,男性抗-TP阳性率(4.16%)明显高于女性(2.52%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对输血患者进行输血前血清学4项检测,明确患者的健康状况,可避免或减少因输血产生的有关血源性传播疾病的医疗纠纷,为医疗纠纷的处理提供法律依据,同时有利于医患双方的自我保护。

Analysis on four serological test result before transfusion of the hospitalized patients and its clinical significance

Objective To discuss the clinical significance of four serological test result before transfusion from the hospitalized patients on hospital infection management and controlling,in order to do a good job of self-protection and prevention of cross infection,while avoiding the occurrence of medical disputes.Methods The serum hepatitis B surface antigen（HBsAg）,human immunodeficiency virus（type Ⅰ,type Ⅱ） antibody（anti-HIV1 /2）,hepatitis C antibody（anti-HCV）,syphilis antibody（anti-TP） of 3 237 hospitalized patients before transfusion were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） from 2007 to 2010.Results The total positive samples were 531 cases,with total positive rate of 16.40%.362 cases were detected positive of HBsAg,and anti-HIV were found in 13 cases,50 cases were detected positive of anti-HCV,116 cases were anti-TP positive,confirmatory test by syphilis（TPHA） confirmed 106 cases.Inspection of the gender perspective,the anti-TP positive rate（4.16%） of male was higher than 2.52% of females,the difference was significantly different（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The detection of four serological test in patients with serological before blood transfusion could help us to know the health status of patients,and avoid or reduce the medical disputes of blood transmitted diseases caused by blood transfusion.