跟骨骨折成因的力学分析

目的 通过理论分析方法和实验方法研究跟骨骨折的成因。方法 应用材料力学中的弯曲强度理论、剪切强度理论和主要应力理论分析跟骨的应力情况；应用动量原理研究跟骨受冲击时的载荷情况；应用静态压力试验方法测定跟骨的破坏载荷。结果 跟骨上凹坑尖角附近是跟骨最薄弱的环节；跟骨的破坏载荷约为体重的24倍；当人从1.5m高处跳下，足跟先着地时，作用在跟骨上的冲击力可达体重的36倍。结论 当人从高处跳下，足跟先着地时，作用在跟骨上的冲击力非常大，高度越高，则冲击力越大；人从高处跳下时所具有的初速度对作用在跟骨上的冲击力影响也非常大。

STUDY ON THE FRACTURE MECHANISM OF CALCANEUS

Objective To study the fracture mechanism of calcaneus. Methods To analyze the stresses in calcaneus by using bending strength theory, shearing strength theory and main main stress theory in mechanics of materials, to study the shocking loads of calcaneus by using momentum principle, and to determine the destructive load of calcaneus through the static pressing experiment.Results The part in calcaneus around the wedged cave was the weakest part; the destructive load of calcaneus was about 24 times of the body weight; when a person jumped down from the height 1.5 meters to the ground, the shocking loads acted on the calcaneus were 36 times of the per son's weight. Conclusion When a person jumped down from a high place and his heel contacted the ground first, the shocking loads acted on the calcaneus could be very large; in addition, the initial velocity of the person had a great influence on the shocking loads acted on the calcaneus.