中国核工业的辐射流行病学研究

笔者对该工业总公司所属厂矿放射性工作人员进行回顾前瞻性辐射流行病学调查，共观查４０１２２人，５７５４１１人年。结果看到，堆工后处理厂及核技术研究部门放射必作业人员的累积个人剂量为５７ｍＳｖ，与国外核工厂报道结果相似，元件扩散厂的个人剂量估计５ｍＳｖ，核工厂放射性工作人员的癌症，特别是各种非癌症疾病的死亡率并不高于，实际经常低于对照组和全国居民值，显示出健康人员效应，检查３．１８万名核工厂工作人员的

Radioepidemiological Studies in the Nuclear Industry of China

The results of retrospective-cohort radioepidemiological studies on workers of mines and plants governed by China National Nuclear Corporation was reported. The total number was 40122 persons and 575411 person-years. The accumulated personal dose in workers of reactor, nuclear fuel reprocessing plants and research units was 57 mSv on the average. For fuel element fabrication and diffusion plants, it was about 5 mSv. Mortality of cancers, especially the non-cancerous diseases was not higher but lower than the controlled group and national values, showing the so-called health worker effect. 31786 off springs of workers in the nuclear plants were exam ined. There were no significant difference in the incidence of hereditary-congenital diseases among exposed and controlled groups. The results mentioned above provide the direct medical evidences of the safety of nuclear industry in China. Owing to the high concentration of radon in the uranium prospective and mining tunnels in early years, the average cumulative exposure to radon progeny was about 80 WLM for miners who had the history of working underground. The relative risk of lung cancer was about 2. The excess relative risk per WLM was similar to the value reported abroad.