广州农村地区学龄前儿童重度龋患病现状及其影响因素

目的 了解广州市农村地区学龄前儿童重度龋患病现状,探讨其影响因素,为制定针对性的防控措施提供依据.方法 选择广州市番禺区化龙镇和新造镇农村3～6岁学龄前儿童,向其家长发放调查问卷,调查儿童基本情况、家庭饮食卫生习惯、家庭情况,并进行龋齿检查.结果 回收有效问卷755份,有效率94.38％,学龄前儿童患龋365例,患龋率48.34％(365/755),其中重度龋167例,占22.12％(167/755).Logistic多因素分析结果显示,睡前进食后未刷牙、喝含糖饮料、每次刷牙用时短、看护人咀嚼喂食等是学龄前儿童重度龋的危险因素,家长帮助或监督孩子刷牙是重度龋的保护因素.结论 广州农村地区学龄前儿童重度龋患病率较高,应重点培养睡前刷牙、少喝含糖饮料、刷牙用时不少于3 min的卫生习惯,并指导看护人不咀嚼喂食、家长监督孩子刷牙,以降低重度龋发生率.

Incidence of severe dental caries in preschool children in rural areas of Guangzhou and its risk factors

Objective To explore prevalence rate of severe dental caries in preschool children and its influencing factors in the rural areas of Guangzhou and provide some references for the development of targeted prevention and control measures.Methods 3-6 years old rural preschool children were selected from Hualong and Xinzao,Panyu,Guangzhou.Questionnaire survey was carried out in the children's parents to investigate the children's general condiotns,family economic status,family environment,and family hygiene.And the children were checked for dental caries.Results 755 questionnaires were collected,with an efficient of 94.38％.365 children were found with dental caries;the caries incidence was 48.34％ (365/755);among which,167 cases were severe caries,accounting for 22.12％ (167/755).Logistic multivariate analysis showed that eating before going to bed and not brushing teeth,drinking sugary beverages,brushing teeth shortly each time,mastication feeding by caregivers,etc.were the risk factors of preschool children with severe dental caries and brushing teeth with parents' help or under parents' supervision was a protective factor for severe dental caries.Conclusions The incidence of severe dental caries in preschool children in the rural areas of Guangzhou is high.Preschool children should be trained to brush teeth before going to bed,not often drink sugary beverages,and brush teeth over 3 min,the caregivers should not do mastication feeding,and parents should supervise their children to brush teeth,so as to decrease the incidence of severe dental caries.