医学生环境意识教育与和谐大学校园建设的探索

目的通过开展大学生环境意识教育及其教育效果评价,为构建和谐大学校园提供理论和实践方面的科学依据。方法选择医学院校四种专业的一年级和三年级的学生435人开展环境意识的问卷调查,其后开展一个月的环境意识教育,并对环境教育的效果进行评价。结果某医学院校大学生（医学生）环境知识的知晓率为68.4%;环境态度的合格率为33.0%;环境行为的合格率为35.4%。不同专业的环境知识知晓率有差异,预防医学、药学专业的环境知识知晓率均高于卫生事业管理专业。不同家庭所在地的大学生环境行为合格率有差异,城市学生的合格率高于农村。男生环境知识的知晓率高于女生。医学生在接受环境知识的教育后,临床医学和卫生事业管理专业学生对环境知识的知晓率明显升高,四种专业的医学生环境保护的态度均得以改善,除药学专业外,其他三个专业的环境行为合格率均明显增加。结论医学院校大学生环境知识的知晓率较高,环境态度和环境行为相对较差。大学生的专业、性别、家庭所在地对其环境意识水平有一定影响。环境教育可提升医学生环境知识的知晓率,改善其环境保护态度和环境保护行为,据此提出＂大一环境课程教育,大二环保活动参与,大三环保实践和调研,大四环保生产实习＂的校园环境意识教育的创新教育模式。

Environmental Awareness Education in Medical Students and the Construction of Harmonious University Campus

Objectives To provide a theoretical and practical scientific basis for constructing a harmonious university campus through carrying out environmental awareness education in college students and evaluating the effectiveness of environmental education.Methods A total of 435 first-year and third-year students of four professions in a medical college were selected.The environmental awareness of students was surveyed by questionnaires,then a month of environmental awareness education was carried out and the effects of environmental education were evaluated.Results The knowing rate of environmental knowledge was 68.4%,the qualified rate of environmental attitude was 33.0%,and the qualified rate of environmental behavior was 35.4% among students.The environmental awareness of students in different professions was different,the knowing rate of students on environmental awareness in preventive medicine and pharmaceutical medicine were higher than that in health management profession.The qualified rate of students from different domestic locations on environmental behavior was different,the students from cities was higher than that from rural areas.The knowing rate of environmental knowledge of boys was higher than that of girls.The knowing rate of students in clinical medicine and health service management profession increased significantly after environment knowledge education.The environmental protection attitude of medical students in four professions was also improved.In addition to the students in pharmaceutical profession,the qualified rate of environmental attitude of students in three other professions increased obviously.Conclusions The knowing rate of medical students on environmental knowledge was higher,and that on environmental attitude and environmental behavior was relatively poor.The profession,gender and domestic location of students affected the level of environmental awareness.Environment education promoted the knowing rate of medical students on environmental knowledge and improved their environmental protection attitude and environmental protection behavior,therefore,an innovation education mode on campus environmental awareness education was put forward: carrying "environmental education in Freshman,environmental protection activities in sophomore,environmental protection practice and investigation in junior and environmental production practice research in senior students".