The effects of regular consumption of green or black tea beverage on blood pressure in those with elevated blood pressure or hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
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Affiliation: | 1. Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran;2. Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran;3. Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;4. Research Center of Health and Environment, Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran;1. Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC;2. Biophysics Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC;1. Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Gabriela Mistral. Santiago, Chile;2. Faculty of Health, Universidad de las Americas. Santiago, Chile;3. Center of Diagnostic and Treatment, Clinical Hospital San Borja Arriaran. Santiago, Chile;4. Nursing Service, Integramédica. Santiago, Chile;5. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de las Américas. Santiago, Chile;6. Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Universidad Bernardo O''Higgins. Santiago, Chile;7. Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile;1. Department of Industrial Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, 162-1 Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, South Korea;2. Department of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, 162-1 Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, South Korea;1. Department of Functional Sciences, Pathophysiology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania;2. Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;3. Discipline of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania;4. Department of Functional Sciences, Chair of Public Health, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania;5. Department of Hypertension, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland;1. Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;1. Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran;2. School of Public Health, Department of Human Development, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, Puerto Rico;3. Department of Nutrition, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran;4. Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran;5. Nutritional Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran |
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Abstract: | ObjectiveAs a popular beverage, there has been much interest in studying the effects of tea intake on hypertension (HTN), a particular risk factor for cardiovascular disorders (CVDs). We have thus aimed to isolate the randomized controlled trials investigating the efficacy of black or green tea as a beverage in subjects with elevated blood pressure (BP), or HTN.MethodsPubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest dissertations and theses databases were searched from February 1, 1995, up to July 20, 2019, to identify relevant studies.ResultsThe search strategy generated 1119 trials, of which finally five trials fulfilled the criteria for being included in the current study. Three out of 5 articles showed a low risk of bias. According to nine measurements derived from 5 trials on 408 individuals, it was found that regular tea intake resulted in the reduction in SBP (weighted mean difference (WMD): −4.81 mmHg, 95 %CI: −8.40 to −1.58, P = .004) and DBP (WMD:-1.98 mmHg, 95 %CI: −3.77 to −0.20, P = .029); however, excluding the most heterogeneous trials showed that regular tea intake might reduce SBP and DBP by about −3.53 and −0.99 mmHg, respectively. Based on meta-regression findings, we found the longer the duration of tea intake (≥3months), the higher the decrease in both SBP and DBP. Categorized studies, according to the tea type, revealed that the hypotensive effects of green tea were more pronounced compared to black tea. None of the studies reported any side effects.ConclusionThese results suggest the positive effects of regular tea intake on BP in subjects with elevated BP or HTN. Hence, it may be applicable to physicians, health care providers, and particularly HTN patients. |
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Keywords: | Black tea Blood pressure Green tea Hypertension Tea |
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