适配体靶向肿瘤的纳米递送系统的研究进展

核酸适配体是一类能特异性地靶向特定抗原的单链寡聚核苷酸。较之常用的抗体等靶头向性配体，适配体体积相对较小、免疫原性较低且易于体外筛选。目前，以适配体靶向肿瘤的纳米递送系统通常有3类：第1类将适配体修饰于脂质体、纳米粒、胶束等纳米载体上，形成适配体靶向的纳米载体；第2类直接将适配体与药物/荧光物质相连，形成适配体-药物/荧光物质共轭物；第3类将适配体自身作为药物的靶向载体。本文就近期以适配体靶向肿瘤的纳米递送系统的研究进展进行概述。

Advances in nano-delivery systems based on aptamer targeting to tumor

Aptamers are kinds of single-strand oligonucleotides with high affinity to their targets. Compared to other commonly used target ligands,like antibodies,aptamers are small,non-immunogenic,as well as the undemanding in vitro screening. At pres?ent,the nano-delivery systems modified with aptamers for tumor targeting are often divided into three types:aptamers modifying on the surface of nanocarriers,such as liposomes,nanoparticles,and micelles,to form aptamer-targeted nanocarriers;aptamers conju?gating to molecular drugs or fluorescent agents to form aptamer-drug/fluorescent agent conjugates;and aptamers serving as drug carri?ers for further tumor targeting and drug delivery. In this paper,the advances in nano-delivery system based on aptamer targeting to tu?mor are summarized.