糖尿病角膜神经病变的研究现状

角膜神经的正常分布具有保护眼表、维持角膜知觉等重要作用.糖尿病角膜神经病变可以引起角膜感觉异常、组织损伤、视力受损等表现,发病机制尚未完全阐明,主要与糖代谢紊乱、周围神经病变、氧化应激等有关.研究认为糖尿病角膜神经纤维缺失或长度、密度降低与角膜敏感性、糖尿病视网膜病变、干眼症等因素相关,其主要治疗方法包括控制血糖、营养神经、促神经生长等.

Research status in diabetic corneal neuropathy

The innervation of normal corneal nerve is critical in protective functions and maintaining the sensation of the cornea.Diabetic corneal neuropathy has the risk of corneal tissue injury,decreased sensitivity and visual impairment.The pathogenesis is not exactly clear,including glycometabolic disorder,peripheral neuropathy,oxidative stress and so on.Studys suggested that the lose of diabetic corneal nerve and the decrease of nerve fiber length and density was related with corneal sensation,diabetic retinopathy,dry eyes and other factors.The main treatment is to control blood glucose,nutrient nerve,promote the growth of nerve etc.