嵌合抗原受体T细胞免疫疗法在血液肿瘤治疗中的研究进展

近年来,经过基因工程改造的自体T淋巴细胞疗法在肿瘤治疗的临床试验中取得了令人瞩目的成果,其中嵌合抗原受体T细胞(CAR-T)免疫疗法已经在急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)中取得显著的疗效.嵌合抗原受体(CAR)是由抗原结合区与共刺激分子组成的融合分子.而CAR-T具有特异性结合肿瘤细胞的能力.与传统药物不同的是,CAR-T可以凭借免疫记忆效应在体内发挥长期的抗肿瘤作用.因此,CAR-T免疫疗法受到了越来越多的关注,已经成为治疗血液系统肿瘤,尤其是B淋巴细胞恶性肿瘤的极具前景治疗手段.笔者拟就CAR-T免疫疗法在血液系统肿瘤中的研究进展进行综述.

Research progress of chimeric antigen receptor T cell immunotherapy in hematologic malignancies

In recent years,genetically modified autologous T cell therapy has made remarkble achievements in clinical trials of oncotherapy,among which chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) immunotherapy has generated dramatic clinical successes in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) is a hybrid molecule composed of antigen-binding domains fused to T-cell activation and costimulatory domains.CAR-T can bind tumor cells specifically.Unlike traditional medicines,CAR-T has potential to eradicate widespread cancer and provides long-term protection in the form of immunologic memory.Therefore,CAR-T immunotherapy is attracting more and more attention,and has become a promising therapy in hematologic malignancies,especially B-cell malignancies.This review will discuss the currently clinical trials of CAR-T immunotherapy in hematologic malignancies.