药物共递送系统在肿瘤治疗中的应用

化疗仍然是肿瘤治疗的主要手段，但化疗药物水溶性极低及毒副作用严重已成为其临床应用的一大障碍。同时，随着药物的广泛应用及肿瘤细胞多药耐药性的提高，单一的药物治疗已远远不能满足临床需要。联合用药，即同时给≥2种药物以加强对肿瘤细胞的杀伤抑制作用，已成为肿瘤治疗的首要选择。不仅可产生协同作用，也可通过抑制肿瘤细胞的多药耐药性加强化疗药物的抗肿瘤活性。药物共递送系统，依靠药物载体将两种药物同时递送到肿瘤组织或细胞中，不仅可克服药物水溶性低的缺点、大大提高药物的细胞摄取，且抗肿瘤效果较单一药物递送系统用药为优。同时，随着基因治疗的快速发展，药物与基因的共递送系统也成为当代药学及材料学的研究热点。本文将就药物与药物、药物与基因共递送系统的制备方法、性质及其抗肿瘤活性进行讨论。

Application of co-delivery systems in cancer treatment

Chemotherapy plays an important role in cancer treatment. However ,the low water-solubility and serious side effects are still the biggest obstacles in clinic. In addition,the wide use of chemotherapeutic drugs would result in the multidrug resis?tance(MDR)and the single chemotherapy could not meet the demand of clinic anymore. Combination therapy by two or more drugs used in the same time,has become the best choice for cancer patients. It not only enhances the cytotoxicity of the chemotherapeutic drugs due to the synergistic effect of the drugs,but also inhibits the MDR to improve uptake and cytotoxicity of the chemotherapeutic drugs when adding MDR inhibitors. The drug delivery system can improve the water-solubility due to the good biocompatibility of bio?degradable material which is the most property for drug delivery carriers. In addition,the targeting ability of the system and the con?trolled release of chemotherapeutic drugs can also reduce the side effects of drugs such as the cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin. The co-deliv?ery system loading two or more chemotherapeutic drugs in the same carrier can get better cytotoxicity than the combination therapy using free drugs due to the efficient delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to cancer cells ,and are even better than the combination of single drug-loaded drug delivery systems because the chemotherapeutic drugs can get into the cancers cells in the same time. In addi?tion,with the rapid development of gene therapy,the co-delivery of drugs and genes has also been a hot topic these days. In this paper, we focus on the preparation,characteristics and application of drug+drug and drug+gene co-delivery system,which can produce the synergistic effects or inhibit the MDR of cancer cells.