广州市白云区一起登革热局部爆发流行的新特点

目的分析白云区2010年一起登革热爆发的流行病学新特点,为制定登革热预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法对各医院报告的病例进行流行病学调查,采集病例血清以ELISA法进行登革热IgM/IgG抗体检测,使用布雷图指数（BI）进行蚊媒密度调查,在疫点周围开展病例搜索。结果本次疫情流行历时69d,从8月22日至10月29日。共发病19例,其中男8例,女11例;发病年龄最小16岁,最大82岁,以青壮年为主,20～39岁占42.11%。职业分布以家务待业、离退休人员、干部职工发病较高。19例病例主要分布在方圆500m范围内,实验室确诊12例,检测结果显示,单份IgM阳性的6例,单份IgG抗体阳性的1例,IgM/IgG抗体双阳的有12例。9-10月以来BI持续超5,最高达到41,BI平均数为13.8。结论本次登革热爆发疫情呈现流行时间长、范围大、连续散发的新特点,应引起重视。

New epidemiologic characteristics of a dengue fever outbreak in Baiyun district of Guangzhou city

Objective To analyze the new epidemic characteristics of the outbreak of dengue fever in Baiyun district in 2010 and to provide evidence for prevention and control measures. Methods A case-study was conducted based on patients notified by hospitals. ELISA method was used for detecting IgM/IgG anti-dengue virus antibodies. The density of mosquito larvae was measured with Breteau index （BI） and the cases were further identified at the epidemic spots. Results The epidemic period of dengue outbreak lasted 69 days. Most of the patients were living in suburb and downtown where the population was dense. Among the 19 patients,8 are male and 11 are female. And the age was between 16 and 82. Most of the patients were at the middle-age and 8 patients （42.11%） were from 20 to 39 years old. The incidence rate of dengue fever was higher in the household workers, retired people and officers than others. There were 12 out of 19 patients with anti-dengue antibodies. The values of BI were between 5 and 41 in the epidemic district in September and October. Conclusion The new epidemic characteristics of this outbreak were the long epidemic period, covering a large area, and the continuous disease transmission.