中国蒙,汉族酒依赖与醇脱氢酶和醛脱氢酶基因多态性的相关研究

为探讨醇脱氢酶（ＡＤＨ）基因和醛脱氢酶（ＡＬＤＨ）基因多态性与酒依赖患病的相互关系，用耳血干血痕聚合酶链反应、等位基因特异性寡核苷酸探针方法，检测乙醇代谢酶ＡＤＨ和ＡＬＤＨ基因型在我国蒙、汉民族酒依赖与非酒依赖者中分布频率。结果显示在酒依赖组（汉族５２例，蒙族３１例）与正常对照组（汉族４８例，蒙族３５例）之间：汉族的ＡＬＤＨ２基因型频率与等位基因频率的分布差异有非常显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１），而蒙族则表示为ＡＤＨ２基因型频率与等位基因频率的分布差异有非常显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）。这提示汉族酒依赖的发病与ＡＬＤＨ２基因有关，蒙族则与ＡＤＨ２基因有关。

A study of the correlation between alcohol dependence and polymorphism of alcohol dehydrogenase genes and aldehyde dehydrogenase genes among Mongolian and Han ethnic groups in China

The genotypes and allele frequencies of alcohol dehydrogenase genes and aldehyde dehydrogenase genes were tested with polymerase chain reactions (PCR), allele specific oligonucleotide probes (ASO) among the Mongolian and Han ethnic groups, and the correlation between the polymorphism of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH)/aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) genes and alcohol dependence was explored in the alcohol dependents and the normal controls. There were 52 cases and 31 cases of alcohol dependents in the Han and Mongolian ethnic groups respectively, whereas the normal controls in these two corresponding ethnic groups were 48 and 35 in number respectively. The results of the study showed that the difference of the allele frequency of ALDH2 was significant ( P <0.01) between the alcohol dependents and the normal controls in only the Han ethnic group; but the distribution of the allele frequency of ADH2 was significantly different ( P <0.01) between the alcohol dependents and the controls in the Mongolian ethnic group but not in the Han ethnic group. These findings suggested that the ALDH2 allele might be related to the occurrence of alcohol dependence in the Han ethnic group,but in the Mongolian ethnic group it might seem to be related to the ADH2 allele.