病毒反RNA干扰研究进展

RNA 干扰（RNAi）是生物体长期进化发展过程中形成的一种对外源遗传因子的特异性降解机制。RNAi 的机制是通过一段小片段双链RNA的作用序列特异性地使一段目的基因失活。随着病毒分子遗传学的发展，我们对于宿主对于RNAi防御系统研究的愈加深入。令人感兴趣的是很多病毒已经发展了拮抗RNAi作用的机制通路从而得以逃脱RNAi介导的基因抑制。研究发现，无论植物还是动物病毒均可以利用自身原料合成抑制蛋白，干扰RNAi 的进行。迄今为止，RNAi 已被发现在自然届中所有真核生物内广泛分布，并且已经逐步演变为一种研究基因功能的重要手段。最重要的是RNAi 更具有应用于基因治疗的美好前景。因此，对于病毒反RNAi 机制的研究显得格外有意义。

Advance in the Research of Viral Resistance to RNA Interference

RNA interference(RNAi)is a specific way,which has been developed through the long term of evolution for organisms to degrade extrinsic genetic factors.RNAi silences gene in a sequence-specific manner through the actions of small fragment of double-stranded RNAs.The developments in molecular biology enable us to have a deeper study on viral reaction to RNAi.It is surprising that many viruses can escape RNAi- mediated suppression by counteracting the RNAi machinery.RNAi has been found as a widespread natural phenomenon in eukaryotic cells and is also being used as a powerful experimental tool to explore gene function. Most importantly,it has good prospects in the application of gene therapy.Therefore,it shows special significance to study the mechanism of viral resistance to RNAi.