锥形束CT对儿童上颌前部埋伏多生牙定位的研究

目的评价锥形束CT(cone beam computed tomography,CBCT)及三维重建技术对儿童上颌前部埋伏多生牙定位的价值,为临床提供准确的治疗措施。方法选择2017年6月-2018年9月来本院就诊上颌骨内埋伏牙儿童患者263例行锥形束CT扫描,获取牙体表面三维立体图像及任意平面图像和任意曲面体层图像,从多个角度显示埋伏牙的形态、大小、萌出方向、唇腭侧位置及与邻牙位置的关系。结果263例患儿312颗上颌前部埋伏多生牙252颗位于腭侧,50颗位于唇侧,10颗位于牙槽骨中部;牙冠正向生长77颗,牙冠倒置生长154颗,牙冠横向生长81颗。所有患者顺利完成手术,术前诊断与术中结果完全一致,准确率为100%。结论锥形束CT是精确定位儿童上颌前部埋伏多生牙有效方法,可直接、准确地反映埋伏多生牙的位置,为临床诊断和治疗提供可靠信息。

The Study of Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Location of Embedded Supernumerary Teeth of Anterior Maxilla in Children

Objective To evaluate the value of cone beam computed tomography(CBCT) and three-dimensional reconstruction in identification the position of unerupted supernumerary teeth of anterior maxilla in adolescent. Methods From June 2017 to September 2018, 263 patients were scanned by cone beam computed tomography. The three-dimensional images, multiplane reconstruction and panoramic images from different directions were obtained after original data was processed by workstation. The dental surface shape, size, eruption orientation, labial or palatal location, and relation with adjacent teeth of the embedded tooth in jaws could be demonstrated clearly by the images of cone beam CT, and with the help of these images of cone beam CT and 3 D reconstruction. Results 263 patients with 312 impacted maxillary teeth,252 in the palatal side,50 in the labial side, 10 in the middle of alveolar. All patients were successfully completed the operation, The diagnoses were completely confirmed by surgery with accuracy of 100% in all cases. Conclusion CBCT is the most precise and effective method to determine the authentic orientation of unerupted supernumerary teeth of anterior maxilla in adolescent. Cone beam CT images can provide direct and accurate images of the location of the embedded tooth, which provides dependable information for clinical diagnosis and therapy.